M3

• Home rule theory


  Practiced in the United States and in England where the governmental structure follows a decentralized pattern
• Continental theory

  Prevails in European countries where the governmental organization follows the centralized pattern, e.g. Spain, Italy, and France
• Home Rule TheoryPolicemen

  • Civil servants
  • Key duty is the preservation of public peace and security
• Continental Theory - People have no share or little participation with the duties nor connection with the police organization
• Home Rule ThLaw enforcers or policemen

  Regarded as servants of the community, who rely for the efficiency of their functions upon the express needs of the people
• Continental Theory/Policemen

  Regarded as state or servants of the higher authorities
• Old concept of police service

  The yardstick of police competence is the increasing number of arrests, throwing offenders to detention facilities rather than trying to prevent them from committing crimes
• Modern concept of police service

  Police are the first line of defense of the criminal justice system, an organ of crime prevention. The measurement of police efficiency is absence of crime
• Functional organizational structure

  • Divides authority and responsibility between several specialists. The responsibility of each "functional manager" is restricted to the particular activity over which he has control, regardless of who performs the action
• Line organizational structure

  • A straight-line organization also called the individual, or military, the simplest, oldest, and clearest form of organization. The authority and responsibility flow from the top to the bottom in a clear and unbroken line thus the authority is absolute
• Line and staff organizational structure

  • It is a combination of the line and functional category. It merges staff specialists for units with line organization. Channels of responsibility and authority are left intact since the specialist's responsibility is to advise and provide expertise for the line units