principles of management CHAP2

• Division of Work


  The whole work is divided into small tasks. The specialization of the workforce according to the skills of a person, creating specific personal and professional development within the labour force and therefore increasing productivity, leads to specialization which increases the efficiency of labour.
• Division of Work


  The whole work is divided into small tasks. The specialization of the workforce according to the skills of a person, creating specific personal and professional development within the labour force and therefore increasing productivity, leads to specialization which increases the efficiency of labour.
• Authority and Responsibility


  Authority means the right of a superior to give enhanced order to his subordinates; responsibility means obligation for performance.
• Authority and Responsibility


  Authority means the right of a superior to give enhanced order to his subordinates; responsibility means obligation for performance.
• Discipline


  Obedience, proper conduct in relation to others, respect of authority, etc. It is essential for the smooth functioning of all organizations.
• Discipline


  Obedience, proper conduct in relation to others, respect of authority, etc. It is essential for the smooth functioning of all organizations.
• Unity of Command


  Each subordinate should receive orders and be accountable to one and only one superior. If an employee receives orders from more than one superior, it is likely to create confusion and conflict.
• Unity of Command


  Each subordinate should receive orders and be accountable to one and only one superior. If an employee receives orders from more than one superior, it is likely to create confusion and conflict.
• Unity of Direction


  All related activities should be put under one group, there should be one plan of action for them, and they should be under the control of one manager.
• Unity of Direction


  All related activities should be put under one group, there should be one plan of action for them, and they should be under the control of one manager.
• Subordination of Individual Interest to Mutual Interest

  The management must put aside personal considerations and put company objectives first. Therefore the interests of goals of the organization must prevail over the personal interests of individuals.
• Subordination of Individual Interest to Mutual Interest

  The management must put aside personal considerations and put company objectives first. Therefore the interests of goals of the organization must prevail over the personal interests of individuals.
• Remuneration


  Workers must be paid sufficiently as this is a chief motivation of employees and therefore greatly influences productivity. The quantum and methods of remuneration payable should be fair, reasonable and rewarding of effort.
• Remuneration


  Workers must be paid sufficiently as this is a chief motivation of employees and therefore greatly influences productivity. The quantum and methods of remuneration payable should be fair, reasonable and rewarding of effort.
• The Degree of Centralization

  The amount of power wielded with the central management depends on company size. Centralization implies the concentration of decision making authority at the top management.
• The Degree of Centralization

  The amount of power wielded with the central management depends on company size. Centralization implies the concentration of decision making authority at the top management.
• Line of Authority/Scalar Chain


  The chain of superiors ranging from top management to the lowest rank. The principle suggests that there should be a clear line of authority from top to bottom linking all managers at all levels.
• Line of Authority/Scalar Chain


  The chain of superiors ranging from top management to the lowest rank. The principle suggests that there should be a clear line of authority from top to bottom linking all managers at all levels.
• Order


  Social order ensures the fluid operation of a company through authoritative procedure. Material order ensures safety and efficiency in the workplace. Order should be acceptable and under the rules of the company.
• Order


  Social order ensures the fluid operation of a company through authoritative procedure. Material order ensures safety and efficiency in the workplace. Order should be acceptable and under the rules of the company.
• Equity


  Employees must be treated kindly, and justice must be enacted to ensure a just workplace. Managers should be fair and impartial when dealing with employees, giving equal attention towards all employees.
• Equity


  Employees must be treated kindly, and justice must be enacted to ensure a just workplace. Managers should be fair and impartial when dealing with employees, giving equal attention towards all employees.
• Stability of Tenure of Personnel


  In order for an organization to run smoothly, personnel (especially managerial personnel) must not frequently enter and exit the organization.
• Stability of Tenure of Personnel


  In order for an organization to run smoothly, personnel (especially managerial personnel) must not frequently enter and exit the organization.
• Initiative


  Using the initiative of employees can add strength and new ideas to an organization. Initiative on the part of employees is a source of strength for organization because it provides new and better ideas. Employees are likely to take greater interest in the functioning of the organization.
• Initiative


  Using the initiative of employees can add strength and new ideas to an organization. Initiative on the part of employees is a source of strength for organization because it provides new and better ideas. Employees are likely to take greater interest in the functioning of the organization.
• Esprit de Corps/Team Spirit

  The need of managers to ensure and develop morale in the workplace; individually and communally. Team spirit helps develop an atmosphere of mutual trust and understanding. Team spirit helps to finish the task on time.
• Esprit de Corps/Team Spirit

  The need of managers to ensure and develop morale in the workplace; individually and communally. Team spirit helps develop an atmosphere of mutual trust and understanding. Team spirit helps to finish the task on time.
• These principles are guidelines for every management function. The manager must act according to the 14 principles of management; in order to reach the goal and create a surplus.
• These principles are guidelines for every management function. The manager must act according to the 14 principles of management; in order to reach the goal and create a surplus.