L2: First Aid

• First Aid


  An immidiate and temporary care given to a person who has been injured or suddenly taken ill. It includes self-help and home care if medical assistance is not available or delayed.
• Common Injuries Encountered by Officiating Officials and Athletes:

  1. Sprain
  2. Strain
  3. Knee injuries
  4. Fracture
  5. Dislocation
  6. Heat exhaustion
• Sprain 


  Caused by torn fibers in a ligament. Swelling and bruising are some signs and symptoms.
• Strain 


  A twist, pull or tear of muscle or tendon - a cord tissue connecting muscle to bone.
• Knee Injuries 


  This can result from a blow or twist to knee from improper landing after a jump or from running too hard or too much.
• Fracture


  A break in the bone that can occur from either a quick one time injury to the bone (Acute fracture) or from repeated stress to bone over time (Stress fracture)
• Dislocation 


  Happens when two bones that comes together to form a joint become separated the joint is described as dislocated.
• R.I.C.E. Method

  • R - Rest
  • I - Ice
  • C - Compression
  • E - Elevation
• Role of First Aid:

  1. A bridge that fits the gap between the victim and position.
  2. Not intended to compete with or take place of services of the physician.
  3. It ends when the services of the physician begin.
• Characteristics of good First Aider:

  • Gentle - doesn't cause pain and panic
  • Observant - Notice all signs
  • Resourceful - Makes all the best use of things at hand.
  • Tactful - doesn't frighten the victim
  • Sympathetic - Comforts and reassures the victim.
• Heat exhaustion


  The response to heat characterized by fatigue, weakness and colapse.
• Objectives of the First Aid:

  1. To save lives
  2. To prolong life
  3. To alleviate suffering
  4. To prevent further injury