ORAL COM 3

• Language of time or chronemics


  The use of time based on position and power
• Language of touch or Haptics


  Can be used to express what cannot be said, one of the most powerful types of non-verbal communication
• Haptics


  • There is contact between the sender and the receiver of the message
  • Touch can comfort, encourage, dissuade, or aggravate
• Paralanguage


  Refers to the "how" of saying something other than what is said, the meaning of words spoken depends on how they are said
• Paralanguage


  • Tones, voices, and rhythm must match the content of the message if the message is to be understood at all, they reinforce the message
  • The words with strong points to deliver must be emphasized with strong paralanguage
• Posture and body orientation


  Also a type of non-verbal communication, how one stands or sits tells the people around how one sees oneself as a speaker, how he/she sees the listeners, and his attitude toward the message
• Posture and body orientation


  • One can communicate numerous messages by the way he walks, standing erect, but not rigid, and leaning slightly forward may mean that one is approachable, friendly, and receptive
• Communication breakdown takes place when culture concepts clash or simply do not meet
• Attitude refers to how speakers feel about themselves, others, and situations.
• Stereotyping occurs when individuals make assumptions based solely on cultural background rather than individual differences.
• Cultural sensitivity involves being aware of different cultures and their values, beliefs, customs, and traditions.
• Non-Verbal Communication (NVC) includes gestures, facial expressions, posture, eye contact, touch, personal appearance, and space.
• Facial Expressions include smiles, frowns, grimaces, winks, and other nonverbal cues conveyed through facial muscles.
• Personal Appearance refers to clothing style, grooming habits, hairstyle, jewelry, accessories, tattoos, piercings, etc.
• Space is the distance between people or objects that can be used as a form of communication.
• Posture is the way we carry ourselves, including our stance, gait, and body position.
• Touch is physical contact with another person, such as handshakes, hugging, patting, holding hands, etc.
• Eye Contact is the act of looking at someone directly in the eyes while communicating.
• Posture refers to body position, including standing straight, slouching, leaning forward/backward, crossing arms/legs, etc.
• Effective cross-cultural communication requires understanding and respect for other cultures.
• Gestures are movements made by hands, arms, head, or body to communicate meaning.
• Proxemics is the use of space to communicate meaning, including personal space, intimate space, social space, public space, and territories.
• Kinesics involves movements of the head, face, torso, limbs, and fingers, conveying emotions, attitudes, intentions, and meanings.
• Paralinguistics includes vocal qualities like tone, pitch, volume, rhythm, rate, stress, pauses, interruptions, and inflections.
• The four types of proxemic zones are intimate zone (0-18 inches), personal zone (18-4 feet), social zone (4-12 feet), and public zone (greater than 12 feet).
• Olfactory communication involves smells used to signal danger, attract mates, mark territory, and identify individuals.
• Haptic communication uses touch to express affection, comfort, support, and intimacy.
• Semiotics refers to signs that convey messages through symbols, gestures, facial expressions, clothing, hairstyles, accessories, and more.