Cell Transport

Cards (9)

  • Passive Transport

    Does not require the expenditure of energy<|>Moves particles through the concentration gradient<|>Molecules move from high concentration to low concentration
  • Simple Diffusion

    Movement of molecules and ions across a concentration gradient towards a lower concentration<|>Molecules easily go through the cell membrane and its phospholipid bilayer
  • Facilitated Diffusion
    Movement of molecules and ions, through a carrier, across a concentration gradient towards a lower concentration<|>Proteins are facilitation or helping things pass (ex. charged ions and glucose)<|>Some are transport proteins (acts as channels, change their shape to get items across, or open and close based on a stimulus) that help molecules or polar molecules that may be too big to cross the membrane on their own
  • Osmosis
    Diffusion of particles or molecules across selectively permeable membrane<|>For water to travel at a fast rate through the membrane, it passes through protein channels called aquaporins
  • Active Transport
    Requires the expenditure of energy<|>Requires ATP (has 3 phosphates) energy<|>Moves particles against the concentration gradient<|>Molecules move from low concentration to high concentration<|>Done by energizing the transport protein itself
  • Movement of molecules and ions, through a carrier, across a concentration gradient towards a higher concentration with the expenditure of energy
    Can involve either a pump or a vesicle
  • Sodium-Potassium Pump

    A protein that maintains the internal concentration of potassium ions higher than sodium ions in cells
  • Endocytosis
    Type of bulk/vesicular transport towards inside the cell where vesicles are formed in order to move the molecules or ions across the cell membrane<|>When a cell needs a very large molecule, it helps fuse it with the molecule it's taking in to bring it inside<|>Phocytosis - pseudopods stretch out around what they want to engulf and gets pulled into a vacuole; ex. amoeba<|>Receptor-mediated Endocytosis - where the incoming substances have to bind to receptors to get in<|>Pinocytosis - allows cells to take in fluids
  • Exocytosis
    Type of bulk/vesicular transport towards outside the cells where vesicle fuses with plasma membrane in order to transport the molecules or ions across the cell membrane<|>Can be used to get rid of cell waste but is also important for getting valuable materials out that the cell has made (ex. pushing out of carbohydrates to create a cell wall)