Lesson 5

• Human creativity

  • should be used to cultivate nature, recognizing our limitations and the risk of destroying these gifts.
• STEWARDSHIP (CARETAKERS)

  • This principle is grounded in the presupposition that God has the absolute domain over creation and that in so far as man are made in God’s image and likeness, we have given the limited dominion over creation and are responsible for care.
• STEWARDSHIP (NURSING)

  • It involves valuing and respecting patients' priorities and self-determination.
• STEWARDSHIP (BIBLE)

  • "Utilizing and managing all resources God provides for the glory of God and the betterment of his creation."
• The (5) five Ts stand for these gifts:

  • Time
  • Talent
  • Treasure (money)
  • Temple
  • Testimony
• Health Care Commitment to human dignity and common good. (UDAN, J : Health Care ethics,2023)
• STEWARDSHIP IN HEALTHCARE PRACTICE

  • It refers to the expression of one’s responsibility To take care , valuing and respecting patients priorities and self determination.
• Personal role of nurses as stewards


  Ought to structure educational opportunities that encourage nurses to shift their epistemology of practice to integrating a virtue-based practical reasoning
• Social role of nurses as stewards


  Is an active union member involved in providing support to other members who are experiencing difficulties<|>Encourages improvement within the ISO 26000
• Ecological role of nurses as stewards


  Acting as a steward, or caretaker, of the environment
• Biomedical role of nurses as stewards


  Execution of response ability of the health care practitioners to look after, provide necessary health care services, and promote the health and life of those entrusted to their care
• Principle of Totality and Integrity

  • All decisions in medical ethics must prioritize the good of the entire person, including physical, psychological and spiritual factors.
• Principle of Totality

  • "the parts of the physical entity, as parts, are ordained to the good of the physical whole.”
• Principle of Integrity

  • It refers to each individual’s duty to preserve a view of the whole human person in which the values of the intellect, will and conscience and fraternity are pre-eminent.
• R.A 7170

  • This Act shall be known as the "Organ Donation Act of 1991" to legalize permissions to use human organs
• Ethical Dilemmas

  • An Ethical dilemma (ethical paradox or moral dilemma) is a problem in the decision-making process between two possible options, neither of which is absolutely acceptable from an ethical perspective
• Ethical Dilemmas

  • when a patient is anxious because he or she does not fully understand what is going to happen in surgery and the nurse is being pressured for a fast turnover time.
• The nurse is merely acting as a witness to the identity of the patient and to the patient's signature on the consent form.
• Sterilization

  • refers to any process that eliminates, removes, kills, or deactivates all forms of life and other biological agents.
• Female genital mutilation (FGM)

  • comprises all procedures that involve partial or total removal of the external female genitalia, or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons.
• Intrauterine Devices (IUD)

  • T-shaped object placed in the uterus to prevent pregnancy
  • Extremely effective without using hormones > 97 %
• Spermicide

  • Chemicals kill sperm in the vagina
• Diaphragm

  • Flexible metal ring with rubber in the shape of a shallow dome
  • Used with spermicides, jelly or cream
• Cervical Cap

  • Latex barrier inserted in vagina before intercourse
  • Perfect effectiveness rate = 91%
  • Typical effectiveness rate = 80%
• Coitus Interruptus

  • May lead to chronic congestion (male and female)
• Withdrawal

  • Removal of penis from the vagina before ejaculation occurs
  • Effectiveness rate is 80%
  • 1 of 5 women practicing withdrawal become pregnant
• Tubal Ligation:

  • Procedure performed on a man or a woman permanently sterilizes
• Vasectomy

  • Procedure performed on a man or a woman permanently sterilizes
• Mutilation

  • ” is the deprivation of a limb or essential part (of the body),with the operative expression being “deprivation.
  • 30 countries in Africa, the Middle East and Asia where FGM is practiced.
• Art 262 (Act 3815, Revised Penal Code) The penalty of reclusion perpetua shall be imposed upon any person who shall intentionally mutilate another by depriving him, either totally or partially, or some essential organ of reproduction.
• Principle of Integrity

  • refers to every individual’s duty to preserve the view of the human person in which the order/function of the body and its systems are respected and not duly compromised by medical interventions.
• Common Transplantations:

  • Kidneys
  • heart
  • liver
  • pancreas
  • intestines
  • lungs
  • bones
  • bone marrow
  • skin
  • corneas
• RA 7170 - Organ Donation Act of 1991

  • an act authorizing the legacy or donation of all or part of a human body after death for specified reason
• Section 3. Person Who May Execute A Legacy.

  • Any individual, at least eighteen (18) years of age and of sound mind, may give by way of legacy, to take effect after his death, all or part of his body for any purpose specified in Section 6 hereof.
• Section 4 Person Who May Execute a Donation.

  • Spouse
  • son or daughter legal age
  • either parent
  • brother sister legal age
  • guardian
• Section 6. Persons Who May Become Legatees or Donees

  • any hospital for research
  • any accredited medical for research
  • organ bank
  • specified individual for therapy
• Ordinary Means

  • “means of treatment available are objectively proportionate to the prospects for improvement"
• Advance Directive

  • Voluntary written document patient specifies what type of medical care he/she wants in the future if he loses his capacity to make decisions.
• Advance Directive Includes:

  • Health Care Proxy: client gives another person the power to make decisions regarding medical treatment; Proxy cannot decide regarding organ donation
  • Living will: A document that provides specific instructions about health care decisions
  • Consent: authorizes a person to give specific treatment/care
• Stewardship

  • the job of supervising or taking care of something, such as an organization or property.