virginia henderson

• Need Theory


  The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its recover (or to peaceful death) that he would perform unaided if he had the necessary strength, will, or knowledge
• The First Lady of Nursing


  • Defined nursing as the importance of increasing the patient's independence to hasten their progress in the hospital
• Physiological Components

  • Breathe normally
  • Eat and drink adequately
  • Eliminate body waste
  • Move and maintain desirable postures
  • Sleep and rest
  • Select suitable clothes -- dress and undress
  • Maintain body temperature within normal range by adjusting clothing and modifying environment
  • Keep the body clean and well-groomed and protect the integument
  • Avoid dangers in the environment and avoid injuring others
• Psychological Aspects of Communicating and Learning


  • Communicate with others in expressing emotions, needs, fears, or opinions
  • Learn, discover, or satisfy the curiosity that leads to normal development and health development and health use the available health facilities
• Spiritual and Moral

  • Worship according to one's faith
• Sociologically Oriented to Occupation and Recreation

  • Work in such a way that there is a sense of accomplishment
  • Play or participate in various forms of recreation
• Person/Client

  Holistic being that is composed of physical, psychological, sociological, and spiritual dimension<|>Individual who requires help towards independence
• Health


  Based on the individual's ability to function independently
• Nursing


  One who has to serve and make the patient "complete"<|>Goal of nursing is independence
• Environment


  Environment conditions under which the patient can perform the 14 activities unaided
• Major Assumptions of Need Theory

  • Nurses care for patients until patient can care for themselves once again
  • Patient desire to return health
  • Nurse are willing to serve, and that "nurses will devote themselves to the patient day and night"
  • Nurses should be educated at the university level in both arts and science
• Application and Acceptance of Need Theory

  • Important especially in the context of bedside nursing
  • Patients ability to perform the basic human needs should be assessed before considering the kind of nursing care will be administering (doer, helper, or partner)
  • Interventions are implemented according to basic human needs
  • Degree of patient will be dependent on the specific role the nurse will be playing