Cells

• The Theory of Spontaneous Generation stated that organisms came from non living things
• Animal cells are eukaryotic cells or cells without membrane-bound nucleus.
• Organelles means different parts of cells.
• Cell Membrane is composed of photolipid bilayer with embedded proteins and carbohydrates
• Semipermeable Membrane allows Oxygen and CO2 to enter
• Microvilli are finger-likef folds cell membrane that boost the cell's absorption
• Microvilli (Microvillus) increases the cell's surface area.
• Cytoplasm is a fluid containing cytosol that fills the cell. This is where the molecules first pass through after entering pr exiting the cell membrane. It is where the organelles are found and move freely.
• Cytosol is a fluid that contains electrolytes. The site of cytosolic activities like signal transduction, DNA transcription and replication,glycosis,enzhyme activities etc.
• Electrolytes are a substance that produces electrically conducting solutions, metabolites and other substances produced during metabolism.
• Glycosis is the conversion of glucose into another form.
• Cytoskeleton provides the structure or shape of the cell. It has three major filaments (microfilament, microtubule, anf intermediate filament.
• Microfilament is composed of actin ( contractile protein and is about 7 nanometer).
• Microtubule is composed of tubulin(globular proteins) and is about 25 nanometer
• Intermediate filament provides tensile strength in the cell and is about 10 nanometer.
• Centriles come in pairs and are at right angles with each other. They help in the separation and transfer of chromosome
• Centrosome is where microtubules get organized
• Spindle fivers are essential to seperating chromosomes during cell division.
• Nucleus (Plural: Nuclei) is the control center of the cell
• Nuclear envelope is the outer boundary of the nucleus
• Nucleoplasm is the substance inside the nuclear envelope
• Chromatin is the substance within the nucleoplasm. It is the combination of DNA and protein
• DNA means Deoxyribonucleic

  Acid
• Nuclear pore is the entry and exit point of cell substances
• Nucleolus is the membrane-free organelle found inside the nucleus, it is usually spherical in shape and is important in creating the ribosomes
• Nucleolus is important in creating the ribosomes
• Ribosomes help in the assembly of proteins and are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum
• Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) forms a cisterna (network of interconnected sacs.
• Rought Endoplasmic reticulum (RER) has ribosomes and produces protein
• Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) has no ribosomes in the ER. Produces lipids
• Golgi Bodies is a complex structure of vesicles and folded membranes within the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells. It is involved in function of secretion and intracellular transport
• Lysosome is also called the "suicide bag" of the cell. It has hydrolytic enzhymes that break down waste products of cells
• Hydrolytic Enzhymes are proteins that use water to break down substances
• Molecules derived from digested food enter Cytosol to begin oxidation
• Indegested food remains in the lysosomes
• Phagosomes contaib a phagocytosed particle enclosed within a part of the cell membrane
• Mitochondrion (plural: mitochondria) is the power house of the cell that produces ATP. It is a double membrane-bound organelle found in all eukaryotic organisms
• ATP (Adonesine Triphosphate) is a complex organic compound that providesenergy to the cell
• Flagellanand Cilia (Singular: Flagellum and Cillium) is an appendages responsible for the locomotion of the cell
• Flagellum moves in a whip-likr manner