english 2

• Recognize textual aids in text and identify textual aids in different forms
• Textual aids refer to written texts, prints and some other way of writing for an important word, graphs, or even pictures to stand out from the other
• Textual aids are tools or materials that provide support and facilitate understanding of texts
• Textual aids


  Most of the time, graphical outlines or images that give a general idea of a certain topic
• Simple examples of textual aids


  • Words being highlighted, bolded, italicized, added in charts, graphs, diagrams, maps, tables, etc.
• Textual Aids


  Tools or materials that provide support and facilitate understanding of texts
• Simple examples of textual aids


  • Words being highlighted, bolded, italicized
• Identify the different types of graphic organizers and their uses, and use graphic organizers in organizing a text
• Graphic organizers are a type of textual aid
• Graphic Organizers


  Visual displays of key content information designed to benefit learners who have difficulty organizing information
• Types of Graphic Organizers

  • Descriptive or Thematic Map
  • Network Tree
  • Spider Map
  • Problem and Solution Map
  • Problem-Solution Outline
  • Fishbone Map
  • Comparative and Contrastive Map
  • Continuum Scale
  • Series of Events Chain
  • Cycle Map
  • Human Interaction Outline
• Graphic Organizers come in many different types, each one suited to different organizational needs
• Examples of Graphic Organizers

  • Descriptive or Thematic Map
  • Network Tree
  • Spider Map
• Read non-linear text and use non-linear text in understanding a text
• Textual aids can be in the form of graphs, diagrams, charts and tables, which are considered non-linear text
• Non-linear text


  Writings with visuals, diagrams or an infographic that interferes with the readers "reading path" (the way that text can be read according to sequence and order)
• Non-linear text


  Reading path is non-sequential, readers can start wherever they want, such as pictures, graphs, tables etc.
• Pie Chart


  Visual representation of information on parts or segments as a proportion, percentage, or fraction of the whole
• Line Graph


  Used to show trends, with lines as indicators of the trend
• Graphic organizers


  Tools that provide support and facilitate understanding of texts
• Textual aids

  Graphs, diagrams, charts and tables
• Non-linear text


  Illustrations that give a general idea of a certain topic
• Pie charts are visual representations of information on parts or segments as a proportion, percentage, or fraction of the whole
• Line graphs are commonly used to show trends
• Bar graphs consist of columns or bars arranged horizontally or vertically, used to show comparison between variables or frequency of events
• Tables consist of facts and figures arranged in columns and rows for quick reference
• Infographics are visual representations of information that aim to make the data easily understandable at a first glance
• Histograms divide sample values into intervals and represent the frequency of data values in each interval with a bar
• Bullying is an activity that causes fear of physical or emotional harm or damage to the victim
• Republic Act No. 10627 is also known as The Anti-Bullying Act of 2013
• Cyberbullying


  Any bullying done with technology or any electronic means
• Fishbone Map is a graphic organizer used to illustrate the cause and effect of bullying
• Comparative and Contrastive Map is a graphic organizer used to present the similarities and differences of Cyberbullying and Social Bullying
• Fishbone Map is a graphic organizer used to investigate a bullying scenario in the school
• Reading path


  Way of reading the text according to sequence and order
• Non-linear text


  Reading path where text and visuals are combined
• Novel is not an example of a non-linear text
• Bar Graph is a non-linear type showing comparison between variables
• Table is a non-linear type which eases the understanding of complicated facts and figures