Introduction to Human Body

• Anatomy - is the science of body structures and the relationships among them.
• from the word anatomy what does ana = up; -tomy = process of cutting mean
• Anatomy was first studied by dissection - the careful cutting apart of body structures to study their relationships.
• from the word dissection what does dis- = apart; -section = act of cutting mean
• physiology is the science of body functions—how the body parts work.
• from the word physiology ( physio- = nature; -logy = study of)
• Embryology study of the first eight weeks of development after fertilization of a human egg.
• Developmental biology study the complete development of an

  individual from fertilization to death.
• Cell biology study of Cellular structure and functions.
• Histology (hist- = tissue) Microscopic structure of tissues.
• Systemic anatomy study of the Structure of specific systems of the body such as the nervous or respiratory systems.
• Regional anatomy study of the Specific regions of the body such

  as the head or chest.
• Surface anatomy study of the Surface markings of the body to

  understand internal anatomy through visualization and palpation (gentle touch).
• Imaging anatomy Internal body structures that can be visualized with techniques such as x-rays, MRI, CT scans, and other

  technologies for clinical analysis and medical intervention.
• Pathological anatomy (path- = disease) study of the structural changes (gross to

  microscopic) associated with disease.
• ( physio- = nature; -logy = study of)
• Molecular physiology study of the Functions of individual molecules

  such as proteins and DNA.
• Neurophysiology study of the Functional properties of nerve cells.
• neuro- = nerve)
• Endocrinology study of Hormones (chemical regulators in the blood) and how they control body functions.
• endo- = within;-crin = secretion
• Cardiovascular physiology study the functions of the heart and blood vessels.
• cardi- = heart;

  vascular = blood vessels
• Immunology study of the body’s defenses against disease-causing agents.
• immun- = not susceptible
• Respiratory physiology study of functions of the air passageways

  and lungs.
• respira- = to breathe
• Renal physiology study of the functions of the kidneys.
• ren- = kidney
• Exercise physiology study of changes in cell and organ

  functions due to muscular activity.
• Pathophysiology study of functional changes associated

  with disease and aging.