Vascular Plants

• Vascular Plants-Life cycle with dominant sporophyte

  generation.

  -With vascular tissues: xylem and phloem

  -With true roots and leaves
• Xylem and Phloem in land plants makes long

  possible distance of transport of water and

  food possible.
• Seedless Vascular Plants

  -Reproduce by spore production in

  specialized leaves – sporophylls
• The leaf evolved as the main

  photosynthetic organ of the plant;

  however, photosynthesis can happen in

  stem.
• Microphylls originated from sporangia

  supported by single, unbranched

  strands of vascular tissue.
• Megaphylls have branched vascular

  systems and may have evolved by the

  fusion of branched stems.
• Division Psilophyta -

  Genus Psilotum (whisk fern)
• Division Lycophyta

  Genus Lycopodium (club mosses)

  Genus Selaginella (spike moss)
• Division Sphenophyta

  Genus Equisetum (horsetai)
• Division Pterophyta

  Genus Polypodium (ferns)
• Seeded Vascular Plants

  Reduced gametophyte is protected in

  ovules and pollen grains
• Gymnosperms – not enclosed in ovaries,

  typically cones
• Angiosperms – bear seeds enclosed in an

  ovary; flowering plants.
• Division Ginkgophyta

  Genus Ginkgo
• Division Cycadophyta

  Genus Cycas
• Division Gnetophyta

  Genus Gnetum

  Genus Ephedra

  Genus Welwitschia
• Division Coniferophyta

  Genus Pinus
• Division Anthophyta

  Class Monocotyledones (monocots)

  Class Dicotyledones (dicots)
• The main ancestor of land plants is the

  ancestral green alga.
• Annuals - plants that reproduce and die in

  one growing season.
• Biennials grow in their first growing season

  and reproduce and die in a second season.
• Perennials grow for several seasons.
• polycarpic - reproduce year after year, once

  reaching sexual maturity.
• monocarpic - grow vegetatively for a number

  of seasons, then reproduce once and die.