Chap 5.2

• Solute

  A substance that can dissolve in a liquid
• Solvent


  A substance that dissolves a solute
• Solution


  The mixture formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent
• Types of solutions

  • Dilute
  • Concentrated
  • Saturated
• Dilute solution


  • Less amount of solute in the solvent
  • Can dissolve more solute
• Concentrated solution


  • More amount of solute in the solvent
  • Can dissolve less solute
• Saturated solution

  • Excess amount of solute in the solvent
  • Cannot dissolve any more solute and form precipitate
• Solution


  A clear mixture formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent
• Suspension


  A cloudy mixture formed from undissolved solute particles in a solvent
• Solubility


  The maximum amount of the solute that can dissolve in 100 ml of solvent at a specific temperature
• Temperature of solvent


  The higher the temperature, the higher the rate of solubility
• Rate of stirring

  The higher the rate, the higher the rate of solubility
• Colloid


  A mixture of two or more solutes dispersed evenly in a solvent, intermediate between a solution and a suspension
• Colloid examples


  • Foam (Shaving cream)
  • Emulsion (Milk)
• Universal solvent


  Water, as it can dissolve almost all substances, solid, liquids or gases
• Organic solvents


  Carbon-based solvents that can dissolve solutes insoluble in water
• Examples of organic solvents

  • Alcohol
  • Kerosene
  • Acetone
  • Turpentine
  • Ether