Chap 25

• Anuria


  urine output of less than 50 mL/24 h
• Ascites


  an accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity
• Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT)


  a treatment for heart failure in which a device paces both ventricles to synchronize contraction
• Congestive heart Failure (CHF)


  a fluid overload condition (congestion) associated with heart failure
• Diastolic heart Failure


  the inability of the left ventricle of the heart to fill and pump sufficiently; term used to define a type of heart failure
• Ejection Fraction


  percentage of blood volume in the ventricles at the end of diastole that is ejected during systole; a measurement of contractility
• Heart Failure


  a clinical syndrome resulting from structural or functional cardiac disorders that impair the ability of a ventricle to fill or eject blood
• Heart Failure with Midrange Ejection Fraction


  clinical functional cardiac disorders with left ventricle ejection fraction that is 40% to 49% (diastolic heart failure)
• Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction


  clinical heart failure syndrome with left ventricular ejection fraction less than or equal to 40% (systolic heart failure)
• Left-sided heart Failure


  inability of the left ventricle to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation (left ventricular failure)
• Oliguria


  diminished urine output; less than 0.5 mL/kg/h over at least 6 hours, or less than 400 ml in 24 hours
• Orthopnea


  shortness of breath when lying flat
• Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea (PND)


  shortness of breath that occurs suddenly during sleep
• Pericardiotomy


  surgically created opening of the pericardium
• Pulmonary Edema


  pathologic accumulation of fluid in the interstitial spaces and alveoli of the lungs causing sever respiratory distress
• Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA)


  condition in which electrical activity is present on an electrocardiogram, but there is not a physiologically adequate pulse or blood pressure
• Pulsus Paradoxus


  systolic blood pressure that is more than 10 mm Hg lower during inhalation than during exhalation; difference is normally less than 10 mm Hg
• Right-sided Heart Failure


  inability of the right ventricle to fill or eject sufficient blood into the pulmonary circulation (right ventricular failure)
• Systolic Heart Failure


  inability of the heart to pump sufficiently because of an alteration in the ability of the heart to contract; term used to describe a type of heart failure (Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction)