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6092 Chemistry
Chapter 8 Acids and Bases
Acids
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Acids
an
acid
is a substance that
produces
hydrogen
ions
when dissolved in
water
have a
sour
taste
conduct
electricity
due to presence of
mobile
ions
produced when
dissolved
in
water
turn
blue
litmus
paper
red
react with
metals
to form
salts
and
hydrogen gas
(MASH)
neutralisation
: react with
bases
(e.g.
metal
oxides
and
metal
hydroxides
) to from
salt
and
water
(
AAWS
)
react with
carbonates
to form
salts
,
water
and
carbon dioxide
(ACSCW)
Examples of Acids
hydrochloric
acid
HCl
nitric
acid
HNO3
Sulfuric
acid
H2SO4
Ethanoic
acid
CH3COOH
Strong and Weak Acids
hydrochloric acid
,
nitric acid
and
sulfuric acid
are
strong acids
ethanoic acid
is a
weak acid CH3COOH
->
CH3COO-
+
H+
strong acids
ionise
completely
in
aqueous solutions
strength
of an acid refers to the
extent
of
ionisation
of the acid in an
aqueous solution
strength remains the
same
even if
concentration
is
changed
Basicity
of acids
refers to the
number
of
hydrogen
ions
per
acid
molecule
e.g. HCl is monobasic and H2SO4 is dibasic
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