8.1-8.4

• What Lance Atkinson did

  Involved in sending millions of unsolicited emails promoting various products through an operation involving a botnet of 35,000 computers
• Size of Atkinson's operation
• Laws Atkinson violated
• Ingredients for successful prosecution of criminals like Atkinson


  • International cooperation, evidence collection across borders, adherence to local and international laws, and the ability to trace the origin of spam and unauthorized activities back to the perpetrators
• Types of crime committed via the internet

  • Hacking
  • Fraud
  • Cyberbullying
• Fraud


  Intentional deception for personal gain
• How fraud can be committed via the internet
• Other ways fraud can be committed
• Spam


  Unsolicited messages sent over the internet, typically to a large number of users, for advertising, phishing, spreading malware, etc.
• Whether spam is merely an annoyance or raises serious legal issues
• Legislation that specifically deals with cybercrime

  • Cybercrime Act 2001 (Cth)
  • Spam Act 2003 (Cth)
• Other legislation used to prosecute crimes committed in cyberspace

  • Crimes Act 1900 (NSW)
  • Privacy Act 1988 (Cth)
  • Copyright Act 1968 (Cth)
  • Criminal Code Act 1995 (Cth)
• Property rights


  Legal rights to possess, use, and dispose of tangible or intangible property
• Intellectual property rights


  Protect creations of the mind, such as inventions, literary and artistic works, designs, symbols, names, and images used in commerce. Unlike physical property rights, intellectual property rights grant the owner exclusive rights to use their creation for a certain period
• Copyright


  Protects literary, dramatic, musical, and artistic works, giving the creator exclusive rights to use and distribute their work
• Trademark


  Protects symbols, names, and slogans used to identify goods or services, distinguishing them from others in the market
• Patent


  Protects new inventions, giving the inventor exclusive rights to use, sell, and license the invention for a certain period
• How intellectual property rights are affected by the increasing use of the internet
• Legal means of protecting intellectual property in Australia and internationally

  • In Australia, the Copyright Act 1968 (Cth), Trade Marks Act 1995 (Cth), and Patents Act 1990 (Cth) protect intellectual property. Internationally, treaties such as the Berne Convention, TRIPS Agreement, and the WIPO treaties provide a framework for intellectual property protection across borders