Music ><

• Nusantara - an all-Indonesian music genre that arose in this archipelago and emphasizes the archipelago's "Indonesian-ness"
• Musical Elements present in Indonesian music are:

  
  

  • Rhythm
  • Melody
  • Form
  • Timbre
• Rhythm - a strong pattern of sound in music
• Melody - the arrangement of sounds
• Form - the design that provides a composition in its shape and artisic unity
• Timbre - the quality of sound produced
• Indonesian Music Tonal Systems:

  
  

  • Slendro
  • Pelog
• Slendro

  • has five tones
  • the male scale
  • expresses sounds of sadness
• Pelog

  • has seven tones
  • the female scale
  • expresses festivity or cheerfulness
• Gamelan

  • the most popular and most important form of traditional music in Indonesia.
  • refers to both a gong-based orchestral ensemble and the musical styles associated with it
  • created by Sang Hyang Guru; he rules from his palace on the Mahendra mountains
  • used for religious events (e.g., Wayang performance, traditional dance, or celebrations like a sultan's birthday)
• The word "gamel" means "to hammer"
• Kinds of Xylophones (Idiophones)

  • Gendér
  • Saron
  • Gambang
• Gendér - played with two hands, one holding a mallet with a padded disk-shaped head and the other a mallet without a cushioned disk-shaped head
• Saron

  • consists of seven keys
  • made of bronze alloy used for all metal sounds
• Gambang - a long wooden xylophone, the same as the gambang instrument of Mindanao tribes
• Kinds of Gongs (Idiophones)

  • Bonang
  • Kempul
  • Kenong
  • Gong Ageng
• Kinds of Drums (Membranophones)

  • Kendhang
• Kendhang

  • played with the hand
  • has skin heads on both sides
• Two Types of Gamelan

  • Javanese
  • Balinese
• Javanese Gamelan

  
  

  • more traditional
  • includes strings and flutes
  • suitable for vocal accompaniment
  • played in palaces and temples
  • has a gentler style and lower pitch
• Balinese Gamelan-

  • modern/contemporary genre
  • percussion dominated
  • more open, infuses western music (rhythm, melodies, and instrumentation)
  • uses more metallophones than gongs
  • has a livelier style and lower pitch