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UPCAT SCIENCE
EARTH SCIENCE
TYPES OF ROCKS
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Created by
Ronald Castillo
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Cards (11)
Igneous
Rocks that are formed by the
cooling
and
solidification
of
magma
or
lava.
freezes between 700 *C and 1250 *C
enriches soil fertility, used in construction and beauty products
TYPES OF IGNEOUS:
Extrusive
Igneous - outside volcano (
lava
),
fine-grained
,
rapid
cooling (Andesite, Basalt, Rhyolite, and Dacite)
.
Intrusive
Igneous - inside volcano (
magma
),
coarse-grained
,
slow
cooling, crystalization, (Diorite, Gabbro, Granite, and Granodiorite)
Metamorphic
Igneous
or
sedimentary
rocks that are subjected to
heat
and
pressure
are
metamorphosed
, forming
metamorphic
rocks.
Contact
Metamorphism - direct contact with heat and pressure
.
Regional
Metamorphism - increased heat and pressure due to tectonic movements
.
Foliated Rocks
- aligned grains of flat minerals
.
Non-Foliated Rocks
- unaligned or unarranged bands of minerals
Sedimentary
Rocks formed by the
accumulation
of
deposits
of rock fragments, minerals, and/or fossils
Compaction
- squeezing sediments
Cementation
- depositing minerals (construction, fertilization, fuel)
Clastic
Rocks - formed from pre-existing rocks cemented together (Breccia, Sandstone, Shale, Conglomerate)
Chemical
Rocks - remains of dead animals and plants (ex. Coal)
Rock
A
naturally
occurring
aggregate
of one or more
minerals
Weathering
Breaking down
of rocks into
smaller
pieces
Erosion
Transport
or
sediment
from one place to another
Depositions
Dropping
/
setting
of sediment by factors such as ice, wind, water, and/or gravity
MOHS SCALE OF HARDNESS
Talc
Gypsum
Calcite
Fluorite
Apatite
Orthoclase
Quartz
Topaz
Corundum
Diamond
"The Geologist Can Find An Ordinary Quartz Tourist Called Diamond"
Lithification
Compression and concretion into a
sedimentary
rock
Metamorphism
Extreme
heat
and
pressure
to make a
metamorphic
rock
Melting
Metamorphic
rocks are
melted
to become an
igneous
rock
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