TYPES OF ROCKS

• Igneous


  Rocks that are formed by the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.

  • freezes between 700 *C and 1250 *C
  • enriches soil fertility, used in construction and beauty products

  TYPES OF IGNEOUS:

  Extrusive Igneous - outside volcano (lava), fine-grained, rapid cooling (Andesite, Basalt, Rhyolite, and Dacite)

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  Intrusive Igneous - inside volcano (magma), coarse-grained, slow cooling, crystalization, (Diorite, Gabbro, Granite, and Granodiorite)
• Metamorphic

  Igneous or sedimentary rocks that are subjected to heat and pressure are metamorphosed, forming metamorphic rocks.

  
  

  Contact Metamorphism - direct contact with heat and pressure

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  Regional Metamorphism - increased heat and pressure due to tectonic movements

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  Foliated Rocks - aligned grains of flat minerals

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  Non-Foliated Rocks - unaligned or unarranged bands of minerals
• Sedimentary

  Rocks formed by the accumulation of deposits of rock fragments, minerals, and/or fossils

  
  

  Compaction - squeezing sediments

  Cementation - depositing minerals (construction, fertilization, fuel)

  Clastic Rocks - formed from pre-existing rocks cemented together (Breccia, Sandstone, Shale, Conglomerate)

  Chemical Rocks - remains of dead animals and plants (ex. Coal)
• Rock

  A naturally occurring aggregate of one or more minerals
• Weathering

  Breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces
• Erosion

  Transport or sediment from one place to another
• Depositions

  Dropping/setting of sediment by factors such as ice, wind, water, and/or gravity
• MOHS SCALE OF HARDNESS

  1. Talc
  2. Gypsum
  3. Calcite
  4. Fluorite
  5. Apatite
  6. Orthoclase
  7. Quartz
  8. Topaz
  9. Corundum
  10. Diamond

  "The Geologist Can Find An Ordinary Quartz Tourist Called Diamond"
• Lithification

  Compression and concretion into a sedimentary rock
• Metamorphism

  Extreme heat and pressure to make a metamorphic rock
• Melting

  Metamorphic rocks are melted to become an igneous rock