Origin of Life

• Atmosphere (prebiotic earth): Low proportion of oxygen, and high proportion of ammonia, hydrogen, and methane.
• Ammonia, hydrogen, and methane are volatile gases.
• Temp (Prebiotic earth): High temp (atmosphere reradiates heat back) this causes more collisions and acceleration from particles to also create a more volatile environment.
• UV (prebiotic earth): Extremely high (due to no ozone layer as oxygen was very low conc.)
• Water (prebiotic earth): It was slowly beginning to form (so there wasn't many H2O particles)
• Oparin and Haldane Hypothesis: 1. Forming simple inorganic molecules to form the first organic molecules.
• Oparin and Haldabe Hypothesis: 2. The assembly of carbon compounds into polymers.
• Oparin and Haldane Hypothesis: 3. The formation of a polymer that can self-replicate. (enabling inheritance and variation)
• Oparin and Haldane Hypothesis: 4. The packaging of molecules into compartments with an internal chemistry different from the surroundings (a cell).
• L.U.C.A: Last universal common ancestor
• Miller and Urey's experiment: Variety of compounds, including amino acids were form from inorganic compounds.
• Prebiotic earth: High volcanic eruptions as there was volatile gases in the atmosphere.
• Prebiotic earth: Asteroid bombardment was high as the solar system was still forming.
• Inorganic: Not in living things
• Organic molecules are in a living thing.
• Living things are self-sustaining – they maintain themselves in a highly

  ordered state using energy.
• The ability to maintain a highly ordered state must be inherited when a

  living things reproduces.
• Non-living things may have some of these living things properties, but not all of

  them.
• Cells are the basic structure of living organisms. 
• 1. All living things are made of cells
• 2. Cells are the basic unit of all living things
• 3. Cells are from the pre existing cell
• MRS GREN (Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrition)
• Prokaryotic cells only consists of bacteria (archaebacteria aswell)
• Prokaryotic cells are small
• Prokaryotic cells have simple configurations
• Prokaryotic cells have a cell wall and has no nucleaus
• Eukaryotic cells are everything other than bacteria
• Eukaryotic cells have a diverse range of size (usually big)
• Eukaryotic cells have a complex configuration
• Eukaryotic cells are compartmentalised into many membrane bonded organelles. e.g mitochondria (respiration), nucleus (DNA)
• The earth was believed to be formed 4.5billion yrs ago
• The prebiotic formation of carbon compounds involves the creation of organic molecules from inorganic material before the emergence of life.
• Carbon compounds could have been formed on prebiotic earth.
• 1. Formation of simple organic molecules from inorganic moles 
  2. Carbon compounds the become polymers 
  3. The formation of polymer that can self replicate  
  4. Packaging of molecules into a cell 
• Water: Like formed from hydrogen and oxygen trapped in the mantle and then released by volcanoes and created oceans. 
• All prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have some similar features as they both contain ribosomes, genetic material, a cytoplasm, and plasma membranes.