COMPOSITION OF THE ATMOSPHERE

• Nitrogen = 78%

  Oxygen = 21 %

  Trace gases and carbon dioxide = 1%
• WEATHER INSTRUMENTS

  Barometer - measures air pressure

  Anemometer - measures wind speed

  Hygrometer - humidity or amount of water vapor in the air

  Wind vane - wind direction

  Rain Gauge - amount of liquid precipitation
• Water

  The composition of water in earth is 97% saltwater and 3% freshwater

  Infiltration - seepage of water from precipitation into the ground

  Salinity - the measure of the mass of dissolved salts in water
• Land Breeze


  Occurs during the night; land cools down faster; air moves from land to sea
• Sea Breeze


  Occurs during the day; sea heats slower than land because of higher heat capacity; air moves from sea to land
• KINDS OF STORMS

  Thunderstorms - a type of storm characterized by storm and lightning

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  Tropical Depression - maximum sustained winds less than 55kph

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  Tropical Storm - maximum sustained winds between 63 to 117kph

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  Typhoon - maximum sustained winds of 118kph to 184kph

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  Hurricane - tropical storms from the North Atlantic Ocean and North East Pacific Ocean

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  Cyclone - tropical storms from the South Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean

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  Tornado - rapid and violent rotating column of air in contact with the ground and a thunderstorm