Mitosis

• Mitosis is the process of cell division where each new cell receives the exact same genetic information as the parent cell.
• Interphase


  The period between nuclear divisions where the cell goes through the G1, S and G2 phases of the cell cycle
• DNA replication during S phase

  1. DNA molecules in the nucleus form exact copies of themselves

  2. Doubling the quantity of DNA
• Prophase


  First phase of mitosis where centrioles become visible, move to opposite ends of the cell, and microtubules begin to radiate from them
• Metaphase


  Nucleolus disappears, nuclear membrane breaks down, and DNA molecules become tightly coiled chromosomes
• Chromosomes


  Consist of two identical chromatids joined at the centromere
• Anaphase


  1. Centrioles reach opposite poles

  2. Spindle fibres form

  3. Chromatid pairs migrate towards the cell's center
• Metaphase


  1. Chromatid pairs line up on the equator of the spindle

  2. Each pair is attached to a spindle fibre at the centromere
• Anaphase


  1. Chromatid pairs separate at the centromere

  2. Now called chromosomes
• Telophase


  1. New chromosomes move towards opposite poles of the cell

  2. Pulled by spindle fibres
• Telophase


  1. Chromosomes group at each pole

  2. Nuclear membrane forms around each group

  3. Nucleolus appears in each new nucleus

  4. Chromosomes uncoil to become chromatin threads

  5. Spindle fibres disappear
• Cytokinesis


  Division of the cytoplasm that usually begins during telophase
• Cytokinesis


  1. A furrow develops between the two nuclei

  2. Gradually dividing the cytoplasm into two parts

  3. Each with its own nucleus
• Mitosis


  A type of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells, used for growth and repair.