7.2

• cognitive dissonance refers to the psychoogical discomfort that a person experiences when there is inconsistencies between their attitudes and their behaviours
• cognitive biases are systematic errors that occur in decision making
• actor - observer bias is the tendency to attribute your own behaviours to external factors while attributing other peoples behaviours on inernal factors
• confirmation bias occurs when a person focuses on and favours information that supports their perspectives while ignoring contradictory information
• false consensus bias is the tendency for people to assume that their attitudes, beleifs and behaviours are relatively common and are more widely shared by others than is the case
• halo effect occurs when the positive evaluation we hold about one quality of a person influences beleifs/expectations regarding other qualities of that person
• self-serving bias is the tendency for a person to attribute a positive outcome to internal factors, yet attribute negative outcomes to a external factors
• self-serving bias involes perceiving positive outcomes to be under control but interpret undesirable outcomes beyond control
• internal-dispositional factors are individual characteristics that influence behaviour and actions in a person