PR1

• Research


  A process of executing various mental acts for discovering and examining facts and information to prove the accuracy or truthfulness of your claims or conclusions about the topic
• Inquiry


  A learning process that motivates you to obtain knowledge or information about people, things, places, or events
• Characteristics of Research

  • Empirical
  • Logical
  • Cyclical
  • Analytical
  • Critical
  • Methodical
  • Replicability
• Empirical


  Research is based on direct experience or observation by the researcher
• Logical


  Research is based on valid procedures and principles
• Cyclical


  Research starts with a problem and ends with a problem
• Analytical


  Research utilizes proven analytical procedures in gathering the data
• Critical


  Research exhibits careful and precise judgment
• Methodical


  Research is conducted in a methodical manner without bias using systematic method and procedures
• Replicability


  The research design and procedures are replicated or repeated to enable the researcher to arrive at valid and conclusive results
• Characteristics of Researcher

  • Intellectual Curiosity
  • Prudence
  • Intellectual Honesty
  • Intellectual Creativity
• Intellectual Curiosity


  An investigator assumes deep thinking and investigation of the things, situation and problems around him
• Prudence


  The researcher conducts his research study carefully, wisely, practically at the right time and place efficiently effectively and economically
• Intellectual Honesty


  An intelligent researcher is honest in gathering data or facts in order to arrive at honest and valid results
• Intellectual Creativity


  A creative and intelligent researcher must invent new, unique and original researchers which are patentable to have return of investment
• Types of Research

  • Pure Research
  • Applied Research
  • Descriptive Research
  • Correlational Research
  • Explanatory Research
  • Exploratory Research
  • Action Research
  • Qualitative Research
  • Quantitative Research
• Pure Research


  It deals with concepts, principles, or abstract things
• Applied Research


  Applying your chosen research to societal problems or issues, finding ways to make positive changes in society
• Descriptive Research


  Aims to define or give a verbal portrayal or picture of a person, thing, event, group, or situation
• Correlational Research


  Shows relationships or connectedness of two factors, circumstances, or agents called variables that affect the research
• Explanatory Research


  Elaborates or explains not just the reasons behind the relationship of two factors, but also the ways by which such relationship exists
• Exploratory Research


  To find out how reasonable or possible it is to conduct a research study on a certain topic
• Action Research


  Studies an ongoing practice of a school, organization, community, or institution for the purpose of obtaining results that will bring improvements in the system
• Qualitative Research


  Requires non-numerical data, using words rather than numbers to express the results
• Quantitative Research


  Involves measurement of data, presenting research findings in numerical forms
• Approaches to Research

  • Scientific Approach
  • Naturalistic Approach
  • Triangulation Approach
• Scientific Approach


  Discover and measure information as well as observe and control variables in an impersonal manner
• Naturalistic Approach


  Uses words and deals with qualitative data that speak of how people behave toward their surroundings
• Triangulation Approach


  Combining different research approaches, types, data gathering, and data analysis techniques
• The Scientific Method of Research

  1. Determining the Problem

  2. Forming Hypothesis

  3. Doing the Library Research

  4. Designing the Study

  5. Developing the instruments for collecting data

  6. Collecting the Data

  7. Analyzing the Data

  8. Determining the implication and conclusions from findings

  9. Making recommendations for future research
• Ethics


  A branch of philosophy that deals with the rightness or wrongness of an act