q1 elec arduino review

• LED Light Control


  1. Setup pin modes

  2. Turn on LED

  3. Delay

  4. Turn off LED

  5. Delay
• Traffic Light Control


  • Red light indicates stop
  • Yellow light indicates ready
  • Green light indicates go
• Traffic light states


  • Red
  • Yellow
  • Green
• int led1=2;
• int REDLIGHT=13;
• int YELLOWLIGHT=12;
• int GREENLIGHT=11;
• Pseudocode is a detailed yet readable description of what a computer program or algorithm should do
• Pseudocode steps


  • START PROGRAM
  • SET LED PIN AS OUTPUT
  • SET BUTTON AS INPUT
  • INFINITE LOOP
  • IS THE BUTTON PRESSED?
  • IF YES TURN ON LED
  • IF NO, TURN OFF LED
• Flow chart is a visualization tool programmers use when creating new applications to understand a process, workflow or algorithm
• Circuit for LED is a basic electronic circuit that includes an LED and a power source
• Arduino sensors


  Devices that allow an Arduino board to interact with its environment by detecting changes in physical or chemical properties and converting them into electrical signals
• Arduino sensors


  • Identify and quantify physical occurrences
  • Application in diverse fields
  • Easily integrated with Arduino platform
• Environmental monitoring sensors


  • Temperature sensors
  • Humidity sensors
  • Air quality sensors
• Robotics sensors


  • Accelerometers
  • Gyroscopes
  • Proximity sensors
• Automation sensors


  • Motion sensors
  • Infrared sensors
• Agriculture sensors


  • Soil moisture sensors
  • Temperature sensors
  • Light sensors
• Industrial control sensors


  • Pressure sensors
  • Flow sensors
  • Level sensors
• Health monitoring sensors


  • Heart rate sensors
  • Blood oxygen sensors
• Safety and security sensors

  • Ultrasonic sensors
  • Infrared sensors
• Transportation sensors


  • GPS sensors
  • Accelerometers
  • Gyroscopes
• Entertainment sensors


  • Capacitive touch sensors
  • Proximity sensors
• Temperature and humidity sensor


  Arduino compatible sensor to monitor ambient temperature or humidity
• Infrared emission sensor


  Works at a 38KHz modulating signal to send code to another Arduino or control a TV
• Ultrasonic distance sensor


  Automatically sends an audio signal of 40 kHz and detects pulse signal back to compute distance
• Knock sensor


  Switch that turns on when it detects a knock, with an LED indicating the state
• Optical fingerprint sensor


  Detects, records, or verifies fingerprints, storing up to 162 fingerprints
• Alcohol gas sensor


  Senses the presence of alcohol gas in the air with a detection range of 10 to 1000 ppm
• Water sensor


  Used for water detection in projects like sensing rainfall, water level, and leakage
• Flame sensor


  Detects the presence of flame or light within a wavelength range of 760nm-1100nm
• Color sensor


  Detects static color and outputs a square wave proportional to incident light intensity
• Ultrasonic sensor


  Measures distance using ultrasonic waves, providing noncontact measurement functionality
• Ultrasonic sensors provide 2cm to 400cm of noncontact measurement functionality with up to 3mm accuracy
• Things needed for ultrasonic sensor project

  • Breadboard
  • Arduino PCB
  • Jumper wires
• Ultrasonic sensor project steps

  1. Connect ultrasonic sensor to breadboard

  2. Connect Gnd to Arduino Gnd

  3. Connect VCC to 5v Power Pins

  4. Connect Echo to Digital Pin X

  5. Connect trig to Digital 9
• Piezo buzzer


  Electronic device used to produce a tone, alarm, or sound
• Categories of a buzzer

  • Active buzzer
  • Passive buzzer
• Active buzzer


  • Produces sound directly when connected to a battery
  • Has a built-in oscillator
• Passive buzzer


  • Requires an AC voltage signal to produce sound
  • Works like an electromagnetic speaker
• Buzzer application steps


  1. Go to Tinkercad.com

  2. Prepare breadboard, Arduino PCB, and piezo buzzer

  3. Connect negative pin to Arduino Gnd

  4. Connect positive pin to digital pin

  5. Coding