group of organisms with capacity for interbreeding and can produce fertile offspring
Population?
group of same species
gene pools?
collection of all alleles present in population at a given time
allele freq?
rate at which a specific allele occurs in gene pool in population
Natural selection?
Some alleles confer survival advantage -> survive and reproduce -> pass allele onto next generation
Process of selectively favouring particular phenotypes over others
Mutation?
introduce new alleles into population
founder effect?
small group from a population move to new location
Not necessarilyrepresentative of alleles that frequently occur in population they came from, as as they expand, rare allele might become more frequent
bottleneck?
population dramatically reduce in size for duration of at least 1 generation.
reduce allele numbers in gene pool -> specific allele may become more frequent
MIGRATION?
Those new in population may introduce new alleles or increase frequency of other alleles in gene pool
gene flow from 1 population to different population
Barriers to gene flow?
Prevent interbreeding and allele exchange
if inhabit different environments -> subject to different selection pressures. This can change allele frequency, making each population more suited to their environment.
genetic disease?
alleles that cause fatal disease often gradually eliminated from gene pool
those who inherit them die before chance to reproduce and pass onto next generation
theory of evo?
gradual change in characteristics of species
Random genetic drift?
random process where gene pool changes with time due to chance rather than NS
