THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM

• Musculoskeletal system - organs that give animal the ability to move using combine action of muscle and skeleton. Provide form, stability, and movement to the body.
• Main point

  • support , allow motion , and protect vital organs
  • made up of bone and muscles, cartilage, tendons, ligaments
  • Skeleton serve as main storage of phosphorus and calcium
• skeleton

  • the body is supported and shaped by skeleton.
  • protection, movement
  • stores minerals such as calcium and lipids
  • produce blood cells in the bone marrow
• Classes of bones

  • long bones - femur humerus
  • flat bones - scapula
  • short bones - carpal tarsal
  • irregular bones - vertebrae and bones of cranial base “skull“
• Muscles are innervated, nerve conducts electrical currents from the CNS that cause muscle to contract
• Types of muscle

  • skeletal muscle ( voluntary ) - striated , multinucleated fibers , attached to skeleton
  • smooth muscle (involuntary) - occurs in wall of internal organs, nonstriated, unicleated fibers
  • cardiac muscle (involuntary) - striated, branched, unicleated fibers, occurs in wall of heart
• TJL

  • tendon - flexible band made up of fibrous connective tissues, muscle to bone.
  • ligament - connects the end of bones together to form a joint
  • joints - bone articulations that allows the movement.