general continuous monitoring methods

• they allow the production of results that...


  ...can be used to make concentration-time graphs with time on the x axis and concentration on the y axis.
• what do the graphs produced provide?

  a visual representation of the changes in concentration over time
• what DONT the graphs show?

  rate of reaction changes,
• how can we calculate rate of reaction from a concentration-time graph?

  we draw a tangent to the curve and measure the gradient. The gradient is change in concentration over time and so is used as rate of reaction.
• when can we work out rate of reaction?

  at certain times, over a time period or the initial rate.