NAMES TO REMEMBER

• 1. Plato

  • Search of truth; education is transformation
  • Prenatal and Infant Care
  • Storytelling and Literature
  • Play
  • Miniature Tools
  • Physical Education
  • 3rs and Music
• 1. Aristotle

  • Education should be the same everywhere
• 1. Martin Luther

  • Protestant Remormator; teaching reading to children is important; music and physical education should be included in the curriculum
  • Roots of every childhood education go as far as the early 1500s, where the concept of educating children, was attributed to Martin Luther
  • Education should be universal
  • Children should be educated to read independently so that they could have access to the bible
  • Schools for teaching children to read universal compulsory education.
• 1. John Amos Comenius

  • “Play” is the natural learning medium of children.
  • Education should occur through senses
  • “Early years”  is the crucial time for shaping character
  • First book for children: Orbis Pictus (The World Illustrated)
  • Didactica Magna (The Whole Art of Teaching)
• 1. Friedrich Wilhelm August Froebel

  • In 1837, he founded his own school and called it “kindergarten” or the children’s garden.
  • Major influencer who believes that children learn through play
  • He emphasized the importance of observation and developing programs and activities based on children's skill level and readiness.
  • He wrote the book “Education of Man”
  • Formalized the early childhood setting as well as founded the first Kindergarten
  • “Father of Kinder Garter”

  Kindergarten “Garden of Children”
• 1. Jean Jacques Rousseau

  • Father of Early Childhood Education
  • Children’s nature unfolds according to an innate timetable
  • Emphasized a flexible atmosphere to meet the needs of the children
  • believed that children are inherently good
  • Childhood education emerged as a child-centered entity rich in unlimited, sensory-driven, and practical experiences.
• 1. Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi

  • Father of Pedagogy
  • believed that children should learn through activity and the handling and use of material objects rather than through words.
  • Education is based on sensory impressions
  • Use of real objects in teaching
  • Pedagogy (method and practice of teaching, especially as an academic subject or theoretical concept)
  • Emphasize the idea of an integrated curriculum that would develop the whole child
• 1. John Dewey

  • Education should concentrate on student’s interest rather the subject matter
  • Learning by doing
  • Classroom as a place to foster social consciousness and thus classroom should be democratically run.
• 1. Elizabeth Peabody

  • Emphasizes the moral and religious aspects of education
• 1. William Torrey Harris

  • Expansion of public school curriculum
• 1. Patty Smith Hill

  • Founded the National Association for the Education of Young Children
  • Child should receive trainings appropriate to his innate capabilities
  • Wrote the lyrics of the song “Happy Birthday”
• 1. Carl Schurz

  • “Kindergarten is the Garden for the crop called Children”
• 1. Maria Montessori

  • First female doctor in Italy
  • Viewed children as a source of knowledge and the educator as social engineer
  • Education as a means of enhancing children's lives means learning environment is just as important as learning itself “ prepared environment”
• Maria Montessori

  • Doctor who educated students from slums and ghettos
  • Founder of the Montessori method of education
  • She suggests that children learn best in an environment that has been prepared to enable them to do things for themselves
• Maria Montessori

  • Emphasized a prepared environment, self-correcting and sequential materials, and trust in children's drive to learn
  • Children’s senses should be educated first, then the intellect