Types of Long-term memory

• Who proposed that there are three types of long-term memory?

  Tulving
• What are the three types of long term memory proposed by Tulving?

  The episodic, semantic, and procedural memory.
• What is the episodic memory?

  This is the long term memory store for personal events, including memories of when the event happened, the people, objects, places and behaviours involved. Memories of this type have to be retrieved consciously. E.g. Your friend's wedding
• What is semantic memory?

  This is the long term memory store for our knowledge of the world, including facts and knowledge of words and concepts. Memories have this type have to be recalled consciously and deliberately. E.g. Where the Eiffel tower is.
• What is procedural memory?

  This is the long term memory store for our knowledge of how to do things, including learned skills. Memories of this kind are often recalled without conscious effort. E.g. How to play the piano
• Declarative or Non-declarative?

  Semantic: Declarative

  Episodic: Declarative

  Procedural: Non-declarative
• Is semantic memory time stamped?

  Yes, it's stored with reference to time and place
• Is episodic memory time stamped?

  No, we cannot recall when it was learnt.
• Is procedural memory time stamped?

  No, because it's often learnt in childhood
• Recalled consciously or unconsciously?

  Semantic: consciously

  Episodic: consciously

  Procedural: unconsciously
• If something is recalled consciously it's explicit. Likewise if something is recalled unconsciously it's implicit.
• Autobiographical? Yes/No

  Semantic: Yes

  Episodic: No

  Procedural: No
• What does it mean if a memory store is autobiographical?

  It means that the person themselves are part of the memories.
• How easy to forget? Easiest/Resistant/Very-resistant

  Semantic: Easiest

  Episodic: Resistant

  Procedural: Very-resistant
• What influences the strength of a semantic memory?

  The level of emotion felt at the time.
• What influences the strength of a episodic memory?

  How deeply it was processed.
• What influences the strength of a procedural memory?

  How many times it has been practiced.
• Where are semantic memories stored?

  In the hippocampus.
• Where are episodic memories stored?

  In the temporal lobes
• Where are semantic memories stored?

  In the motor cortex