social learning theory

• Process of social learning theory

  1. modelling

  2. identification

  3. Motor reproduction/imitation

  4. Vicarious reinforcement

  5. Mediational processes
• motor reproduction/Imitation

  Copying the behaviour of a role model
• Vicarious reinforcement

  Learning occurs via observation of the behaviour of others and the rewards or punishments received for the behaviour
• Modelling

  Other people act as models, providing examples of behaviour that can be observed and reproduced
• Identification

  The extent to which individuals relate to the model and want to be associated with them
• Learning and performance are not the same activity
• Mediational processes

  • Attention
  • Retention
  • Motor reproduction
  • Motivation
• Mediational processes

  1. Attention: the extent to which we notice certain behaviours

  2. Retention: how well the behaviour is remembered

  3. Motor reproduction: the ability of the observer to perform the behaviour

  4. Motivation: the will to perform the behaviour, based on whether the behaviour was rewarded or punished
• • 
    
  • 36 boys and 36 girls ages 3-6
  • - matched pairs design, matched on baseline agression levels
  • they observed an adult model for 10 minutes(who were unknown to them) with an inflatable bobo doll
  • 3 groups:

  1. model interacting physically aggressively pre-determined, standardised behaviours e.g. hitting with a toy hammer and distinctively agressive phrases
  2. non-aggressive behaviour,
  3. control group with no model

  taken to a room and told they couldnt play with the toys(agression arousal phase)to ensure a baseline across all conditions

  • taken to another room with bobo doll and agressive toys (mallet) and non (crayons)
  • observed using a one way mirror
• Participants were taken to a room with toys, one of which was a bobo doll, (told they couldn't play with the toys, because they were being saved) and observed
• 
  

  • Children who watched an aggressive adult were significantly more likely to imitate aggressive behavior
  • Children who saw a calm adult or no adult showed almost no aggressive imitation.
  • ⅓ of aggressive participants repeated their verbally aggressive responses compared to none of the non-aggressive participants