1.2 EXPRESSIONISM

• Expressionism - It emerges in reaction to impressionism.
• Expressionism - it was first applied to music in 1918, the subject includes:

  • Violence
  • Fantasy
  • Anxiety
  • Loss of Authencity
  • Loss of Spirituality
• Characteristics of Expressionism:

  • Dissonance
  • Atonality
  • Dynamics
  • Texture
  • Melody and Harmony
• Dissonance - The quality of sounds that seems unstable.
• Expressionism music has a high degree of dissonance
• Atonal - Music that lacks key or center
• Dynamics - Loudness or Softness of the music
• Expressionism has an extreme contrast of dynamics in music.
• Types of Dynamics:

  • Pianissimo to Fortissimo
  • Fortissimo to Pianissimo
• Pianissimo to Fortissimo - Very soft to very hard
• Fortissimo to Pianissimo - Very hard to very soft
• Texture - Determines the overall quality of the sound of a piece.
• Melody and Harmony - Distorted
• Arnold Shoenberg - Responsible for the 12-Tone System
• Arnold Shoenberg - His style changes from time to time, gradually evolving to something dissonant and atonal.
• Arnold Shoenberg - He is the mentor to Alban Berg and Anton Webern
• Arnold Schoenberg's pieces:

  • Pierrot Lunaire
  • Three Piano Pieces, Op 11
• Igor Stravinsky - A russian composer, he is widely considered one of the most important and influential composers of the 20th century and a pivotal figure in modernist music.
• Igor stravinsky has 127 compositions
• Igor Stravinsky Compositions:

  • Concerti
  • Opera
  • Ballets
  • Solo Vocal
  • Choral Music
  • Orchestral Music