L1.3: Public Health Approach

• 1. Surveillance
  2. What is the problem?
  3. Risk Factor Identification
  4. What is the cause?
  5. Intervention Evaluation
  6. What works?
  7. Implementation
  8. How do you do it?
  9. Problem
  10. Response

  Public Health Approach

  A) 1

  B) 2

  C) 3

  D) 4

  E) 5

  F) 6

  G) 7

  H) 8

  I) 9

  J) 10

  
• • It finds the problem, along with its predisposing factors to develop a plan.
  • There are 4 steps: Surveillance, Risk Factor Identification, Intervention Evaluation, Implementation


  Public Health Approach
• • What is the problem?
  • Surveillance systems monitor the health events that happen in the community.


  Surveillance
• • What is the CAUSE?
  • What factors cause the problems experienced by the people.

  Risk Factor Identification
• • What WORKS?
  • Discuss and research on the actions that should be taken to solve the problem.

  Intervention Evaluation
• • HOW do you do it?
  • Apply the identified interventions to programs, measures and strategies in order to address the health issue.

  Implementation
• • The father of modern epidemiology
  • He was an English physician who traced the source of the Cholera outbreak that happened in London in the early 1800s.
  • While the disease was thought to be caused by organic decaying matter, Dr. Snow thought otherwise. He believed that it was caused by contaminated water. For a long time, he integrated the steps from the Public Health Approach to prove this.


  John Snow
• How did John Snow do it?

  • [1] Surveillance
  • He first located the cluster of Cholera cases in specific adjoining streets.
  • [2] Risk Factor Identification
  • He discovered that areas of Cholera cases were of short distance to water pump sites.
• How did John Snow do it?

  • [3] Intervention Evaluation
  • Knowing that the water supply from the pumps were risk factors, he understood necessary interventions required any of the following:
  • Stop the exposure to the contaminated water supply on a larger scale. OR;
  • Stop exposure to the entire supply of contaminated water in the area.
  • [4] Implementation
  • He removed the handles of the water pumps.
  • He finally convinced the British government that the source of Cholera was water contaminated with sewage (from the pump).
  • This led to the implementation of policies for water sanitation.