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Diploma OT SEM 2
Anatomy and Physiology 2
Chapter 7 - LEG
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Created by
Robiyatul Iqmar
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Cards (31)
How many bones are in each lower limb?
30
bones
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What is the longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the body?
Femur
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What joint is formed by the head of the femur and the acetabulum?
Hip (coxal) joint
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What does the ligament of the head of the femur connect?
Fovea capitis to acetabulum
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Name one ligament that connects the head of the femur and acetabulum.
Round ligament
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What is more often associated with a broken hip?
Fracture
in
neck
of
femur
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Which condyles of the femur articulate with the tibia?
Medial
and
lateral
condyles
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What is the name of the depressed area between the condyles on the femur's posterior surface?
Intercondylar fossa
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What type of joint is the knee joint?
Synovial, hinge joint
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Which bones primarily articulate at the knee joint?
Femur
,
tibia
,
fibula
,
patella
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What are the functions of the medial and lateral menisci in the knee joint?
Cushion stress
and
increase stability
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Name one extracapsular ligament of the knee joint.
Patellar ligament
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What are the two types of knee joint ligaments?
Extracapsular
and
intracapsular
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What is the function of the patellar ligament?
Connects patella to tibia
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What is the function of the patella in the knee joint?
Increases leverage of quadriceps tendon
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What are the main functions of muscles in the lower limb?
Stability
,
locomotion
,
posture maintenance
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What is the origin of the psoas major muscle?
Transverse process
and bodies of
lumbar vertebrae
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What action does the iliacus muscle perform?
Extends thigh at hip joint
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Which nerve innervates the rectus femoris muscle?
Femoral
nerve
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What is the action of the hamstrings?
Knee flexion
and
hip extension
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What is the insertion point of the biceps femoris muscle?
Head of fibula
and
lateral condyle of tibia
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What is the action of the semitendinosus muscle?
Knee flexion
and
hip extension
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What is the origin of the semimembranosus muscle?
Ischial tuberosity
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How do the actions of the quadriceps femoris differ from the hamstrings?
Quadriceps
extend
knee; hamstrings
flex
knee
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What is the origin of the adductor magnus muscle?
Body
and
inferior ramus
of
pubis
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What is the action of the gracilis muscle?
Thigh adduction
and
knee flexion
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Which nerve innervates the adductor longus muscle?
Obturator
nerve
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What is the insertion of the vastus lateralis muscle?
Tibial tuberosity
via
patellar ligament
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What is the action of the sartorius muscle?
Thigh flexion and abduction
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What is the function of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)?
Stabilizes knee joint
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What is the insertion of the semimembranosus muscle?
Medial condyle of tibia
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