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Diploma OT SEM 2
Neuroscience
3. SPINAL CORDS
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Created by
Robiyatul Iqmar
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Cards (63)
What is the length of the spinal cord?
About
45 cm
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Where does the
spinal cord
extend
from
?
From
foramen magnum to lumbar vertebra
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What occupies the vertebral canal below the spinal cord?
Spinal nerve roots
and
meninges
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What is the fibrous strand that continues from the spinal cord?
Filum terminale
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What are the cervical and lumbar enlargements associated with?
Attachment of nerves to limbs
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What is the inferior most end of the spinal cord called?
Conus medullaris
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How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
31 pairs
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Where does the first pair of spinal nerves emerge?
Between the
atlas
and
skull
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How do C1 to C7 nerve roots exit the vertebral canal?
Above the correspondingly numbered vertebrae
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What is the collective term for nerve roots below L1?
Cauda equina
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What do the ventral and dorsal roots of a spinal nerve carry?
Motor
and
sensory
impulses
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What happens when the ventral and dorsal roots fuse?
They form a spinal nerve
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What does the posterior primary ramus supply?
Skin
and
muscles
of the
back
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What does the anterior primary ramus supply?
Skin
and
muscles
of the
front
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What is the composition of the spinal cord?
Gray
matter surrounded by
white
matter
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What shape does the gray matter of the spinal cord resemble?
shaped
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What are the two types of horns in the gray matter?
Anterior
and
posterior
horns
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What do the anterior horns contain?
Motor nerve cells
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What do the posterior horns contain?
Sensory nerve cells
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How is the white matter of the spinal cord divided?
Dorsal
,
lateral
, and
ventral columns
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What do the dorsal columns carry?
Ascending sensory information
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What do the lateral columns include?
Axons
from the
cerebral cortex
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What do the ventral columns carry?
Ascending pain and temperature information
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How many individual bones make up the vertebrae?
33
individual bones
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What are the regions of the vertebrae?
Cervical
,
thoracic
,
lumbar
,
sacrum
,
coccyx
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Which vertebrae are fused?
Sacrum
and
coccyx
vertebrae
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What is the main function of the cervical spine?
Support
the
weight
of the
head
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How many cervical vertebrae are there?
Seven
cervical vertebrae
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What does the thoracic spine protect?
Heart
and
lungs
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How many thoracic vertebrae are there?
Twelve
thoracic vertebrae
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What is the main function of the lumbar spine?
Bear the weight of the body
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How many lumbar vertebrae are there?
Five lumbar vertebrae
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What does the sacrum connect?
Spine
to
hip bones
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How many sacral vertebrae are there?
Five
sacral vertebrae
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What do the fused bones of the coccyx provide?
Attachment
for
pelvic floor muscles
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What are the three membranes surrounding the spinal cord?
Dura
mater,
arachnoid
,
pia
mater
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What circulates between the meninges?
Cerebrospinal fluid
(
CSF
)
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What is the function of the dura mater?
Protects spinal cord
and
nerve roots
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What does the arachnoid membrane resemble?
A loosely woven fabric
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What is the function of the pia mater?
Provides blood
to
spinal cord
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