10 . AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

Cards (24)

  • What part of the nervous system does the autonomic nervous system belong to?
    Peripheral nervous system
  • What organs does the autonomic nervous system supply?
    Internal organs like heart and lungs
  • How does the autonomic nervous system operate?
    Automatically, without conscious effort
  • What are the two main divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
    Sympathetic and parasympathetic
  • How many neurons connect the CNS to effectors in the autonomic nervous system?
    Two neurons
  • What are the names of the two neurons in the autonomic nervous system pathway?
    Preganglionic and postganglionic neurons
  • Where does the synapse between the preganglionic and postganglionic neurons occur?
    In an autonomic ganglion
  • What is the role of the preganglionic axon in the autonomic nervous system?
    Forms a synapse with postganglionic neuron
  • What are the three kinds of autonomic ganglia?
    Sympathetic ganglia, prevertebral ganglia, terminal ganglia
  • Where are sympathetic ganglia located?
    Close to the spinal cord
  • What is another name for the sympathetic system?
    Thoracolumbar division
  • Where do the cell bodies of preganglionic neurons in the sympathetic division occur?
    In the lateral horns of gray matter
  • Where are terminal or intramural ganglia located?
    Near or within target organs
  • What is another name for the parasympathetic system?
    Craniosacral division
  • What cranial nerves are associated with the parasympathetic division?
    III, VII, IX, and X
  • What does the sympathetic division prepare the body for?
    Stressful or emergency situations
  • What physiological changes occur during sympathetic activation?
    Increased heart rate and dilated airways
  • What does the parasympathetic division control?
    Body processes during ordinary situations
  • How does the parasympathetic division affect heart rate and blood pressure?
    Slows heart rate and decreases blood pressure
  • What is the primary function of the parasympathetic division?
    Conserves and restores energy
  • What does the parasympathetic division stimulate in the digestive system?
    Processes food and eliminates wastes
  • What additional effects does the sympathetic division have on the body during stress?
    Causes sweating and pupil dilation
  • How does the parasympathetic division contribute to tissue health?
    Restores and builds tissues
  • What is the significance of energy release during sympathetic activation?
    Increases muscular strength for emergencies