chemistry

• how many charges do protons have?


  Positive +1
• how many charges do neutrons have?

  neutral 0
• How many charges do electrons have?


  negative -1
• What is metallic bonding?


  Metallic bonding is when metal atoms bond together.
• What type of structure do metals have?


  Metals have giant structures of regularly arranged atoms.
• What happens to the electrons in metallic bonding?

  The electrons from the outer shells of the atoms are delocalised and free to move through the whole structure.
• How are strong metallic bonds formed?


  Strong metallic bonds are formed by sharing delocalised electrons.
• What contributes to the strength of a metallic bond?

  The strength of a metallic bond is due to the attraction between the metal ions and the delocalised electrons.
• What property allows metals to conduct electricity?

  Metals conduct electricity because the delocalised electrons carry electrical charge through the structure.
• How do metals conduct heat?


  Metals conduct heat through the delocalised electrons and closely packed ions transferring energy by conduction.
• What are two properties of metals?

  Metals are malleable and ductile.
• How do melting and boiling points change across a period in the Periodic table?


  The melting and boiling points increase as you move across a period due to more delocalised electrons increasing attraction between ions and free electrons.
• What is an ion?


  An ion is a charged particle with different numbers of protons and electrons.
• What is a positive ion?

  A positive ion has more protons than electrons.
• What is a negative ion?

  A negative ion has more electrons than protons.
• What is ionic bonding?


  Ionic bonding is the bonding between metal and non-metal atoms.
• How do ionic bonds form?


  Ionic bonds form when electrons transfer from a metal to a non-metal atom to achieve full outer shells.
• What is a Dot and Cross diagram?

  A Dot and Cross diagram is a representation to show ionic bonding.
• What is the ionic formula for sodium chloride?


  Na+ Cl-
• What is the ionic formula for lithium oxide?


  Li+ O2-