7.3.7 AC & High Voltage Transmission

• What is high voltage transmission in electrical power systems?

  It involves transmitting electrical power over long distances at high voltages to minimize energy losses and improve efficiency.
• Why is high voltage transmission important?

  • Reduces energy losses due to resistance in wires
  • Improves efficiency by minimizing heat waste in transmission lines
• How are power losses in transmission lines calculated?

  Power losses are proportional to the square of the current, expressed as \(P_{\text{loss}} = I^2 R\).
• How does transmitting power at high voltages affect current levels?


  It reduces the current for the same power level, thereby reducing power loss.
• What is the function of a step-up transformer in high voltage transmission?

  • Increases the voltage of electricity generated at the power station
  • Necessary to minimize current and reduce energy losses over long distances
• What materials are commonly used for high voltage transmission lines?

  High conductivity materials such as aluminum or copper.
• What is the purpose of a step-down transformer in high voltage transmission?

  It decreases the voltage to a safer and more usable level for homes and businesses.
• What are the key components of high voltage transmission systems?

  • High voltage transmission lines
  • Step-up transformers
  • Step-down transformers
  • Insulators
• What is the function of insulators in high voltage transmission systems?

  They prevent high voltage electricity from contacting supporting structures and causing short circuits.
• What are the benefits of high voltage transmission?

  • Minimized power loss
  • Economic efficiency
  • Enhanced capacity for power transmission
• How does high voltage transmission minimize power loss?

  By reducing the current through increasing the voltage, which minimizes resistive losses.
• How does high voltage transmission improve economic efficiency?

  Higher efficiency reduces the cost of energy distribution, lowering electricity bills for consumers.
• What is a challenge associated with high voltage transmission regarding safety?

  High voltage transmission lines need to be carefully maintained and insulated to prevent accidents.
• What environmental impact can high voltage transmission lines have?

  Overhead lines can impact landscapes and wildlife, while underground cables are more expensive to install and maintain.
• What is a significant cost consideration for high voltage transmission infrastructure?

  Building and maintaining high voltage transmission infrastructure involves significant investment.
• What are the main components of a high voltage transmission system diagram?

  1. Power Station with Step-Up Transformer

  2. Transmission Lines (Overhead or Underground)

  3. Step-Down Transformer

  4. Residential and Industrial Users
• What is the summary of high voltage transmission?

  • Essential for efficient long-distance power delivery
  • Reduces energy losses and improves economic efficiency
  • Key components include transformers, transmission lines, and insulators
  • Benefits include improved efficiency and enhanced capacity
  • Challenges include safety, environmental impact, and costs