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BOT LEC
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Subdecks (3)
plant hormone
1st sem > BOT LEC
14 cards
phosynthesis
1st sem > BOT LEC
10 cards
flwoer structure
1st sem > BOT LEC
42 cards
Cards (176)
How many species are in the plant kingdom?
Hundreds of thousands
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What types of habitats do plants live in?
From arctic tundra to tropical rain forests
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What is the size range of land plants?
From
microscopic
to
giant sequoias
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What is a key feature that allows plants to colonize various environments?
A waxy
cuticle
covering
aerial
portions
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What does the cuticle help prevent in plants?
Desiccation
or drying out
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Why is a cuticle critical for land plants' survival?
They cannot move to
wetter
areas
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What do stomata facilitate in plants?
Gas exchange
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From where do plants obtain carbon for photosynthesis?
From the atmosphere as
carbon dioxide
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What must happen to CO2 before it can be used in photosynthesis?
It must diffuse into
chloroplasts
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How do gametangia in algae differ from those in plants?
Algae gametangia
are
generally
unicellular
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What surrounds the gametangium in plants?
A protective layer of
sterile cells
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Where does the fertilized egg develop in plants?
Within the
female gametangium
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How does the fertilized egg develop in algae?
Away from its
gametangium
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What is the plant life cycle characterized by?
Alternation between
haploid
and
diploid
generations
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What are the four main groups of the plant kingdom?
Bryophytes
, seedless vascular,
gymnosperms
,
angiosperms
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What are bryophytes characterized as?
Small
nonvascular
plants
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How do bryophytes obtain necessary materials?
Through
diffusion
and
osmosis
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Why are bryophytes restricted in size?
They rely on
diffusion
and
osmosis
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Do bryophytes form seeds?
No
,
they do not form
seeds
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What distinguishes vascular plants from bryophytes?
Vascular tissues
for support and conduction
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What are the two types of vascular tissues in plants?
Xylem
and
phloem
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What does xylem conduct?
Water and dissolved
minerals
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What does phloem conduct?
Dissolved
organic
molecules like sugar
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What is lignin's role in vascular plants?
Provides support and
conduction
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How does lignin affect plant growth?
Enables plants to grow
tall
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How did the successful occupation of land by plants affect animals?
Provided
habitat
and food for animals
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What are club mosses and ferns classified as?
Seedless vascular plants
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How do seedless vascular plants reproduce?
By forming
spores
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What do all seedless vascular plants have?
True stems
with vascular tissues
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What are the two main groups of seedless vascular plants?
Ferns
and
lycophytes
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What is the significance of ferns in plant evolution?
They are an
ancient
and diverse group
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What are the two basic types of true leaves?
Microphylls
and
megaphylls
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How is a microphyll characterized?
Small with a single
vascular
strand
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How did megaphylls likely evolve?
From
stem
branches filling with tissue
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How many species of ferns exist?
11,000
species
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Where do ferns commonly inhabit?
Swamps
, marshes, and moist woodlands
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How many species of whisk ferns exist?
12
species
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What is a characteristic of whisk ferns?
They lack
true roots
and leaves
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How many species of mosses exist?
9,900
species
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Where do mosses typically grow?
On
moist
soil, rocks, or tree bark
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