Evolutionary trends in homonins

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Species mentioned in the syllabus:
Australopithecus afarensis
Australopithecus africanus
Paranthropus robustus (non-ancestor)
Homo habilis
Homo erectus
Homo neanderthalensis
Homo sapiens
Relative size of the cerebral cortex: (in homonins)
gradual increase is an evolutionary trend
endocasts used to calculate cranial capacity and number of convolutions
early homonins had a cranium size closer to modern apes than modern humans
as brain case expanded, the face flattened and a noticeable forehead began to develop
Prognathism and dentition: (in homonins)
Australopithecus afarensis had a lower jaw and face alike other apes, large teeth and distinct gap between canines and incisors
Homo habilis had smaller and narrower molars

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Evolutionary trends in homonins

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