Nursing care of growing fetus: normal pregnancy

• Zona pellucida and Corona radiata


  rings that surround the ovum, protects it against injury
• Capacitation


  the final process that the sperm undergoes to be ready for fertilization
• Hyaluronidase


  proteolytic enzyme released by the sperm to dissolve the layers or rings that surround the egg
• Zygote


  one completed: ova + spermatozoan
• Decidua


  What is the endometrium called after implantation?
• Decidua


  "falling aff" right after delivery, blood which is termed as lochial discharges
• Blastocyst


  Large cells tend to collect at the periphery of the ball leaving a fluid space surrounding an inner mass called _
• Syncytiotrophoblast or Syncytial layer


  produces placental hormones such as HCG, estrogen, and progesterone
• Cytotrophoblast or Langhan's layer


  present during 12 days of gestation to protect the growing embryo and fetus for certain infectious organisms such as spirochete or syphilis
• Cytotrophoblast or Langhan's layer


  it disappears on the 20th to 24th age of gestation
• Teratogens


  harmful chemicals and radiation that the mother may be exposed
• Wharton's jelly


  gives the vord body and prevents pressure on the vein and arteries that passes through it
• One large vein


  carrying oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus
• Two small arteries


  carrying unoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta
• Progesterone


  hormone for mothers
• Progesterone


  maintains the endometrial lining of the uterine during pregnancy
• Human placental lactogen (HCS)


  hormone with both growth-promoting and lactogenic mild producing properties
• Human placental lactogen (HCS)


  promotes mammary glands in preparation for lactation
• Immunoglobulin G (lgG)


  mother transmits _ to fetus through placenta, providing passive immunity
• Placenta


  shaped like a pancake, grows from the trophoblast. Grows parallel to the growing fetus
• Placenta


  developed by the first month of pregnancy
• Placenta


  serves as nourishment, oxygen transport, and elimination
• Umbilical cord


  develops at the same time as the placenta
• Umbilical cord


  formed from the fetal membranes (amnion and chorion). At the center of the placenta
• Umbilical cord


  provides a circulatory pathway that connects the embryo to the chorionic villi of the placenta
• Umbilical cord


  transports oxygen and nutrients to the fetus from the placenta and to return waste products from the fetus to the placenta
• Amniotic fluid


  absorbed by the amniotic membrane. Ranges from 500-800 to 1200 ml
• Amniotic fluid


  most important purpose is to shield the fetus against pressure or a blow to the mother's abdomen
• Amniotic fluid


  helps to control the embryo's temp
• Hydramnios or Polyhydramnios


  more that 2000 ml
• Oligohydramnios


  less that 300 to 400 ml
• Yolk sac


  small and functions early in embryonic life
• Yolk sac


  develops in the blastocyst about 8-9 days after conception
• Yolk sac


  contains amniotic fluid-500 to 1200 ml as the end of pregnancy
• Yolk sac


  also called as bag of water
• Chorionic villi


  will reach out from a single layer of cells into the uterine endometrium to begin formation of the placenta
• Blastocyst


  will form into an embryo. Structure that is attached to the endometrium
• Trophoblast


  the outer layer of the ring. Will form into placenta and membranes
• Fertilization


  beginning of pregnancy. Union of an egg and sperm
• Fertilization


  also termed as conception or impregnation