ZARAS COLLISION THEORY

• The Maxwell-Boltzmann apparatus

  • Maxwell and Boltzmann performed an

  experiment to determine the kinetic energy

  distribution of atoms

  • Because all atoms of an element have roughly

  the same mass, the kinetic energy of identical

  atoms is determined by velocity (KE= ½mv²)

  
• Heterogeneous Catalysis

  Step #1: Adsorption and activation of the reactants. Carbon monoxide and nitrogen monoxide adsorbed on a platinum surface

  
• Heterogeneous Catalysis

  Step #2: Migration of the adsorbed reactants on the surface. Carbon monoxide and nitrogen monoxide arranged prior to reacting

  
• Heterogeneous Catalysis

  Step #3: Reaction of the adsorbed substances. Carbon dioxide and nitrogen form from previous molecules

  
• Heterogeneous Catalysis

  Step #4: Escape, or desorption, of the products. Carbon dioxide and nitrogen gases escape (desorb) from the platinum surface

  
• Reaction Coordinate Diagrams

  It is helpful to visualize energy changes throughout a process on a reaction coordinate diagram Like this one for the rearrangement of

  methyl isonitrile.

  
• Collision Theory - how and why factors affect reaction rates