POTENTIAL AND KINETIC ENERGY

• What are the two forms of energy discussed in the material?

  Potential energy and kinetic energy
• Why do you need energy to ride a bicycle?

  Because energy is the ability to do work
• What happens to energy when it is stored or used?

  It can be altered but not created or destroyed
• What is potential energy?

  Energy stored in an object due to its position
• What is kinetic energy?


  Energy that a moving object has due to its motion
• What happens to potential energy as you begin to slide down a slide?

  It is converted to kinetic energy
• What factors does potential energy depend on?


  Height, distance, and mass of the object
• What factors does kinetic energy depend on?

  Speed (or velocity) and mass of the object
• Can kinetic energy be transferred from one object to another?

  Yes, kinetic energy can be transferred between moving objects
• What happens to a hammer's energy when it is raised and then dropped?

  It has potential energy when raised and kinetic energy when dropped
• What is the law of conservation of energy?

  Energy is neither destroyed nor lost; it is only altered from one form to another
• How are potential energy and kinetic energy related?

  Potential energy transforms into kinetic energy and vice versa
• In what units are potential and kinetic energy measured?

  Joules
• Who is the joule named after?

  James Prescott Joule
• What is the formula for potential energy?

  Potential energy = $mgh$
• What do the variables in the potential energy formula represent?

  $m$ is mass in kilograms, $g$ is acceleration due to gravity, and $h$ is height in meters
• What is the formula for kinetic energy?

  Kinetic energy = $\frac{1}{2} mv^2$
• What do the variables in the kinetic energy formula represent?

  $m$ is mass in kilograms and $v$ is velocity in meters per second
• What are the key concepts of potential and kinetic energy?

  • Potential energy: stored energy due to position
  • Kinetic energy: energy of motion
  • Energy can be transformed between potential and kinetic forms
  • Energy is conserved, not created or destroyed
• What are the differences between potential energy and kinetic energy?

  • Potential energy:
  • Depends on position, height, and mass
  • Not transferable
  • Kinetic energy:
  • Depends on speed and mass
  • Can be transferred between objects
• What do adjectives describe?

  Nouns or pronouns
• What are adjectives also called?

  Modifiers
• Where are adjectives typically placed in a sentence?

  Before nouns or after linking verbs
• What questions do adjectives answer?

  "What kind?," "Which one?," or "How many?"
• What is an attributive adjective?

  An adjective that comes before a noun
• Give an example of an attributive adjective.


  True friends are not so hard to find.
• What is a subjective complement?

  An adjective that comes after a linking verb
• Provide an example of a subjective complement.


  This meal is loaded with vitamins and minerals.
• What is an objective complement?

  An adjective that comes after an object of a transitive verb
• Give an example of an objective complement.

  Guillermo made his painting more beautiful compared with those of his other friends.
• What are the two main types of descriptive adjectives?

  • Gradable adjectives: Can be expressed in different degrees (e.g., more grateful, wisest).
  • Absolute adjectives: Cannot be compared using more or most (e.g., absent, final, unique).
• What are gradable adjectives?

  Adjectives that can be expressed in different degrees of comparison
• How can gradable adjectives be modified?

  By using more, most, less, least, or affixing with -er or -est
• What are absolute adjectives?


  Adjectives that cannot be compared using more, most, less, or least
• How can absolute adjectives be modified?


  By using other adverbs of degree such as almost, nearly, and not quite
• What are the categories of adjectives?

  1. Descriptive adjectives
  2. Numerals
  3. Pronominals
  4. Noun adjectives (or nominal adjectives)
  5. Participles
  6. Compound adjectives
  7. Proper adjectives
• What are numerals in the context of adjectives?

  Cardinal and ordinal numbers
• Give examples of cardinal and ordinal numbers.

  Cardinal: one, two; Ordinal: first, second
• What are pronominal adjectives?

  Pronouns that also function as adjectives
• What are demonstrative adjectives?

  These are this, that, these, and those