Bioethics

• Bioethics


  dealing with the ethical implications of biological research and applications
• Ethics


  moral values or judgements
• Morals


  principles involved in right or wrong behaviour
• Approaching bioethical questions to make a decision


  1. recognise the ethical question
  2. identify the stake holders
  3. collect scientific evidence and data
  4. what are the implications?
  5. make a reasoned judgement
• Implication


  the conclusion that can be drawn from something although it is not explicitly stated
• Types of data

  primary or secondary ~ original vs referring to data which already exists

  anecdotal evidence ~ based on personal experience rather than scientific method

  opinion ~ no true scientific fact
• Reliability of data


  who paid for the research?

  repeatability/validity/reproducibility?

  are there errors in design in implementation

  is the study or data collected, biased?
• Ethical approaches - HATS

  consequence-based approach

  duty and/or rules-based approach

  virtues-based approach
• Ethical concepts - LENSES

  integrity

  justice

  beneficence

  non-maleficence

  respect