10.4 Quality Management

• Tolerance


  The allowable amount of variation within a particular quality. i.e. The weight tolerance for a high performance bicycle frame might be +/- 100 grams from its set weight of 1850 grams. 
• Destructive Testing


  Testing a product or part that destroys or physically alters the part. These are usually mechanical properties such as heat resistance, compression, toughness.
• Non-destructive Testing


  Testing a product or part that measure physical properties. The product itself is not damage or changed in the process: Weighing, checking color, confirming dimensions.
• Inspection


  The checking of qualities at difference stances of the production process.
• Quality Control, Statistical Process Control, and Quality Assurance are part of Quality Management. 
• Benefits of Quality Management 

  • Customer Loyalty
  • Repeat Business
  • Customer Referrals
  • Improved Safety
  • Improved Market Position
  • Reduced Liability Risk
• Quality Control

  The goal is to produce the same part over and over again with a minimum or no waste, eliminates waste from defects as workers are responsible for the quality of the work they do.

  It begins with the identification of Tolerances, the allowable variations in the qualities of a part, typically identified at the design stage. However, it's important to know the degree of tolerance the machine can handle.

  Knowing the capability of the machine and designing tor it can ensure that tolerances are at an attainable and acceptable level.
• Quality Control Examples

  Parts that do not fall within the tolerance range are either reworked or discarded. A CIM system continuously monitors machines and production and ensures machines are operating at tolerance, in addition to identifying when a machine needs maintenance or recalibration.

  In the chart, it shows testing of various parts. Manufacturers will typically set a range within the LSL and USL as the tolerance and calibrate the machine to achieve the mean of these data points, while allowing for tolerances that fit between the UCL and LCL.