over-extraction

• FPO

  • Factor: human activities such as over-extraction 
  • Process: over-extracting certain resources beyond regenerative capacity such as unsustainable fishing. It depletes fish populations and disrupts marine ecosystems. 
  • Outcome: While fish is considered renewable, overfishing can result in critical endangerment of fish stocks that affect the species’ ability to regenerate. This affects supporting services due to the decrease in supply of fish and the amount of food for the people
• Example

  •  In the early 1960s, the cod population in the North Atlantic was estimated at around 1 million tons. By the 1980s, advances in fishing technology and increased fishing efforts had significantly depleted the stock. The annual catch peaked at around 800,000 tons in the early 1960s but drastically declined to less than 100,000 tons by the early 1990s.