Carbohydrates

• What are carbohydrates also known as?

  Saccharides
• What is the result of the reaction between two glucose molecules?

  Maltose and water
• What happens when maltose reacts with water?

  It produces two glucose molecules
• What type of bond is formed between two glucose molecules?

  A glycosidic bond
• Is Alpha or Beta glucose?

  Alpha

  
• Is this Alpha or Beta glucose?

  Beta

  
• What color does Benedict's test turn when positive for reducing sugars?

  Brick red
• What does Benedict's test detect?

  Reducing sugars
• Which sugars are classified as reducing sugars?

  Glucose, fructose, galactose, maltose
• Which sugar is classified as a non-reducing sugar?

  Sucrose
• What should be done if there is no positive test with Benedict's for non-reducing sugars?

  Heat with acid and re-test with Benedict's
• What test is used to detect starch?

  Iodine test, which turns blue/black
• What are the products of starch digestion by amylase?

  • Maltose
  • Glucose
• What is cellulose and its structure in plants?

  • Polymer of Beta glucose
  • Contains 1-4 glycosidic bonds
  • Straight structure
  • Large and Insoluble
• What is Starch and its structure In plants?

  • Polymer of Alpha glucose
  • Contains 1-4 Glycosidic bonds
  • Straight structure
  • Large and Insoluble
• What is Glycogen and its structure in animals?

  • Polymer of Alpha Glucose
  • Contains 1-4 + 1-6 Glycosidic bonds
  • Branched structure
  • Large and Insoluble