Pre-Colonial / Ethnic Philippine Art History

• In Pre – colonial Philippines, arts are for ritual purposes or for everyday use. Art of the ancient Filipinos were woven into the fabric of everyday life.
• Everyday expressions were all integrated within rituals that marked significant moments in a community’s life, like planting, harvesting, rites passage, funerary, ceremonies, weddings, among others.
• Pangalay Dance (Sulu)

  • mimetic of the movements of the sea birds

  
• Talip dance (Ifugao) that is used for courtship is mimetic of the movements of wild fowls.
• Mandaya’ Kinabua, Banog–banog (Higaonon & B’laan), and Ma-manok (Bagobos in Mindanao) imitate the movements of predatory birds.
• Inamo dance (Matigsalugs) and Kadaliwas dance (T’Boli) represent the comedic movement of the monkey
• Tinikling dance evocative of the movements of the crane, balancing itself on stilt – like legs or flirting away from the clutches of bamboo traps.
• Carving: Bulul (Cordillera)

  • a granary God that plays an important role in rituals

  
• Carving: Hagabi (Ifugao) a wooden bench

  a wooden bench

  
• Carving: Okir (Tausug / Samal / Badjao)

  • mythical sarimanok, the naga or serpent.

  
• Manunggul Jar

  • discovered at Manunggul cave of Palawan

  
• Malong (Maranao ofLanao del Sur)

  
• Pis siyabit (Tausug of Sulu) a headpiece woven

  
• Tepo mat (Sama of Tawi-Tawi)

  • a double layered made of Pandan leaves.

  
• Ovaloid basket (Itbayat, Batanes)

  • a head sling made of nito or bamboo used to carry the harvests.
• Bubo (Ilocos region)

  a sturdy bamboo strips used to trap the fish.

  
• Ornamentation - representations of various ethnolinguistic groups.

  1. Wearing gold jewelry (upper class Tagalog)
  2. Tattooing (Visayan) it is believed to protect the individual from evil spirits, it is also a sign of bravery and maturity.
• Tawhid, the interior of mosques are covered with elaborate patterning in the form or reliefs to draw the attention away from the concrete object, in other words away from human forms and nature” toward the contemplation of the divine”

  
• 1. Sultanate of Sulu was established Sayyid Abbubakar
• Quran or holy text was introduced
• Building of religious school called Madrasah
• Natives from Yakans , Basilan and Zamboanga were converted to Islam
• Islamazation process In Mindanao became strong.
• Islam became the religion and as a way of life of people in Mindanao (Tausug, Maranao, Maguindanao, Yakan, Samal, Badjao).