Functions and Philosophical Perspevetices of Art

• What does the greek word "telos" mean?


  it means purpose
• What did Aristotle quote about purpose?

  "Froa a thing to reach it's purpose, it has to fulfill its function.:
• Telos and function are related to a thing's what?

  identity
• What makes a human being a 'human being'?

  It's capacity to thinking, it's supposed function.
• Without the function to think, the human being ceases to become?

  a human being.
• In knowing the function of a thing, we know it's?

  telos or purpose
• What are the different functions of art?

  1. Personal
  2. Physical
  3. Social
• Define the 'Personal' aspect of an Art's function.


  This function is varied and highly subjective. It's created for the artist's own self expression, entertainment, therapy, or merely as art for art's sake.
• Example of a personal art is this, who made it and what is the title?

  Self-portrait (The Desperate Man) by Gustave Courbet.

  
• Define the 'Physical Aspect' of an art's function.

  It is created to serve a physical purpose.

  It is decorative art/applied art

  Example: architecture, jewely, interior design
• An example of a physical art is this: Who made it and what is the title?

  Frank Lloyd Wright - Kaufmann House (Fallinwater; looking northeast)

  
• Define the Social aspect of an art's function.

  It adresses a particualr collective interest as opposed to personal interest.

  It depicts social conditions

  Created to rally people toward a particular end.
• An example of Social Art: who made it and what is the title


  The vulture and the little girl, a.k.a "The Struggling Girl" by Kevin Carter 1993 Sudan Famine which won the Pulitzer prize photograph in Sudan.

  
• Another example of social art


  Spoliarium by Juan Luna 1884

  
• The three philosophical perspectives are:

  Art as mimesis: By Plato

  Art as a representation: By Aristotle

  Art as a communication of emotion: BY Leo Tolstoy
• Art as mimesis - Plato: What is the Mimetic Theory of Art?


  Art is essentialy an immitation of nature. Art is an imitaion of life and the world of forms/"idea" is the ultimate reality.
• According to Plato art does what?

  Art, especially poetry, clouds rationality because it rouses emotions and feelings. It leads man away from the cultivation of intellect.
• Therefore art in the Mimetic theory of art was?

  Useless and potentially dangerous.
• Explain Art as a representation by Aristotle.


  Art is indeed a form of imitation but it aids in revealing the truth.
• According to Art as a represntation, art does not reflect reality as it is but?

  It provides a vision of what might be, a representation of the possible versions of reality.
• For aristotle, art serves two purpose. What are they?

  Art allows for the Experience of pleasure.

  Art has the ability to be instructive and teach the audience about life.
• Explain art is a communication of emotion by Leo Tolstoy.


  art serves as a language, a communication device that articulates feelings and emotions from artist to audience.
• According to Leo Tolstoy, art serves as a mechanism for?

  social unity. It makes accesible feelings and emotions of people form the past and present, from all parts of the world.
• Example of art as communication of emotion is this: Who made it and What is the title?

  The Third of May by Francisco Goya (1814)