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Physiology A- level PE OCR
Respiratory system
Mechanics of breathing
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Created by
Heidi Cooper
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Cards (21)
What are the main structures involved in the mechanics of breathing?
Intercostal muscles
, sternocleidomastoid, pectoralis minor, diaphragm, and
rectus abdominis
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What is the role of intercostal muscles during breathing?
They aid in both
inspiration
and
expiration
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How does the sternocleidomastoid muscle function during exercise?
It aids in
inspiration
during exercise
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What is the function of the pectoralis minor during breathing?
It aids in
inspiration
during
exercise
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What is the primary role of the diaphragm in breathing?
It aids in both
inspiration
and
expiration
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What is the role of the rectus abdominis during expiration?
It
aids
in expiration during
exercise
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What are the five steps to understanding the mechanics of breathing?
MUSCLES
MOVEMENT
THORACIC
CAVITY VOLUME
LUNG
AIR PRESSURE
INSPIRATION
or
EXPIRATION
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How do the muscles behave during inspiration at rest?
The
diaphragm
and
external intercostals
contract
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What happens to the diaphragm during inspiration during exercise?
It
contracts more actively
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How does thoracic cavity volume change during inspiration?
It
increases
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What is the effect of increased thoracic cavity volume on lung air pressure?
Lung air pressure
decreases
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What is the outcome of decreased lung air pressure during inspiration?
Air
is
sucked
in
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What characterizes passive expiration at rest?
The
diaphragm
and
external intercostals
relax
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What happens during active expiration during exercise?
The
diaphragm
and
external intercostals
contract more
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How does thoracic cavity volume change during expiration?
It
decreases
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What is the effect of decreased thoracic cavity volume on lung air pressure?
Lung air pressure
increases
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What is the outcome of increased lung air pressure during expiration?
Air is
forced out
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What muscles contract during active
expiration
?
Internal intercostals and rectus abdominis
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What happens to the diaphragm during active expiration?
It domes
more
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How does the movement of the ribs and sternum change during expiration?
They move
down
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What is the effect of active expiration on the speed of air movement?
More air is
forced
out
faster
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