lesson 1.2
Cards (74)
- A system of classifying ancient ages into groups based on tool developmental stages
- period of great scientific intellectual achievements that contributed to essential changes in scientific investigations
- A period of complex technological inventions that eventually replaced human and animal forces.
- the period characterized by the change from traditional industry to an economy that is founded on computerized of information.
- widely considered archaeology's first paradigm: a convention established in the early 19th century that said prehistory could be subdivided into three parts, based on technological advances in weaponry and tools.
- broad prehistoric period during which stone was widely used to make tools with an edge, a point or a percussion surface.
- STONE AGE is usually divided into three separate periods which are? based on the degree of sophistication in the fashioning and use of tools.
- longest phase of human history which began approximately two million years ago and ended between 40,000 to 10,000 years ago.
- humans were food gatherers, depending for their subsistence on hunting wild animals and birds, fishing, and collecting wild fruits, nuts, and berries.
- concerned with the origins and development of early human culture between the first appearance of human beings as tool-using mammals.
- THREE SUCCESSIVE DIVISIONS OF PALEOLITHIC PERIOD
- behavioral changes seen are ascribed to the evolution of the hominin ancestors of human beings, including Australopithecus, and especially Homo erectus / Homo ergaster.
- the period during which Archaic humans including Homo sapiens neanderthalensis appeared and flourished all over the world.
- Handaxes continued in use, but a new kind of stone tool kit was created--called the ?
- was a period of great transition in the world.
- Neanderthals in Europe became edged out and disappeared by 33,000 years ago, and modern humans began to have the world to themselves.
- an archaeological term used to describe specific cultures that fall between the Paleolithic and the Neolithic Periods.
- small chipped stone tools
- most frequently used in connection with agriculture, which is the time when cereal cultivation and animal domestication was introduced.
- third phase in the development of material culture among the ancient peoples of Europe, Asia, and the Middle East, following the Paleolithic and Neolithic periods
- first period in which metal was used
- period in the development of technology when metals were first used regularly in the manufacture of tools and weapons.
- Pure copper and bronze, an alloy of copper and tin, were used indiscriminately at first; this early period is sometimes called the ?
- brought the Bronze Age to an end.
- Iron was greatly used during this age for tools and weapons.
- Men learned to work with higher smelting process.
- Iron’s melting point
- has higher melting point than bronze. and also is stronger than bronze.
- was first utilized in the Middle East as precious metal because of its rareness, and in southeastern Europe about 1200 BC.
- is an alloy of iron and carbon.
- between the 5th and 15th century. This period in history began in 450 A.D. and lasted until 1450 A.D.
- Middle age is subdivided into two smaller ages:
- is a term often used synonymously with the Middle Ages.
- period of time between the fall of the Roman Empire and the beginning of the Italian Renaissance and the Age of Discovery.
- there were no scientific accomplishments. referred to as the time of intellectual darkness.
- It characterizes the Middle Ages as a time of violence and lack of progress.
- an 18th century English historian called DARK MIDDLE AGE as “barbarism and religion”.
- a time of tremendous growth in Europe
- emphasize its dynamism, creativity, and importance in setting the stage for subsequent historical developments.
- the European economy greatly expanded, leading to a revived cash economy and widespread trade and commerce.