Work done is the transfer of energy resulting from the application of a force over a distance. its basically another way of saying energy transfered
Gravitational Potential Energy
Energy stored due to an object's height or position. Can be converted to Kinetic Energy as the object falls or moves down a slope.
Elastic Potential Energy
Energy stored in stretched or compressed materials, such as springs or rubber bands. Converted to Kinetic Energy when the material returns to its original shape.
Chemical Potential Energy
Energy stored in the bonds of molecules, released during chemical reactions. Examples: breaking down glucose to release energy or burning fossil fuels.
Kinetic Energy
Energy of motion, associated with an object's velocity. e.g., moving ball, spinning top, etc.
Internal Energy
Sum of Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy of particles in an object. Example: heat energy.
Thermal Energy
Type of Internal Energy, relating to temperature. Example: heat transferred from one object to another.
Elastic Stored Energy
Energy stored in an object's shape or size, such as a stretched spring or compressed material.
Mechanical Energy
Sum of Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy in an object. Example: a roller coaster has both kinetic and potential energy.
Conduction
The transfer of heat energy through direct contact between particles. Examples: metal spoon in hot coffee, walking on a hot road.
Convection
The transfer of heat energy through the movement of fluids. Examples: warm air rising, ocean currents.
Thermal to Mechanical Energy Conversion
E.g., engine converts thermal energy from fuel into mechanical energy, steam turbines generate electricity.
Mechanical to Thermal Energy Conversion
E.g., friction generates heat (e.g., brakes on a car), bicycle wheels generate kinetic energy and convert it to thermal energy.
what is specific heat capacity
its a way of calculating how hard is it to heat something up
how many J do you need to heat water by 1ºC
4,200J
Conservation of Energy
The total energy of a closed system remains constant over time. Energy can change from one form to another, but the total amount remains the same.
Energy Conversion
The conversion of energy from one form to another, such as electrical energy to kinetic energy.
Efficiency
The ratio of useful output to total input, often expressed as a percentage. Efficiency can affect the amount of energy converted or transferred.
Power
The rate at which energy is transferred or converted, typically measured in Watts (W).
Rate of Energy Transfer
The amount of energy transferred or converted per unit time.
Units of Power
Watts (W), Kilowatts (kW), Megawatts (MW)
Example: Power of a Lamp
If a lamp uses 60W of power to light a room, what is the rate of energy transfer? (Answer: 60W)